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54 pages 1 hour read

Jas Hammonds

We Deserve Monuments

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2022

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Chapter 6-Interlude 5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 6 Summary

Avery, Simone, and Jade picnic at a local overlook called “The Perfect Spot” (83). Avery confides her struggles to get to know prickly Letty. Simone and Jade offer Avery marijuana, which she has never tried before. Avery smokes and finds she likes the feeling of intoxication.

Avery explains how her breakup with Kelsi was precipitated by a growing irritation with one another but was ultimately caused by white Kelsi imitating a Black rapper during a trip to the National Museum of African American History and Culture. The argument escalated when Kelsi scoffed at Howard University (an HBCU, or Historically Black College and University) and claimed that Avery’s chances at a Georgetown acceptance are due to “[pulling] the affirmative-action card” (89). Avery cites Hikari as “the peacemaker” who “didn’t care why [Avery] was upset” but just “wanted [them] to keep it down because [they] were embarrassing her” (90).

Jade and Simone comfort her, calling Kelsi and Hikari “the worst friends ever” (90). Avery feels unburdened by reporting how Kelsi made her feel “small” when she treated her feelings as unimportant and said Avery was “barely Black” and that she “needed to lighten up” (91). Jade and Simone take Avery to see “Tree,” a designated tree they visit when they “need clarity” on important issues. Avery reflects on her resolution to know Letty better and visualizes Kelsi’s words floating away from her.

Jade confides her desire to go to a big city, where she won’t be connected to gossip around her family. Simone plans to go to Spelman (another HBCU) and become a policymaker, citing Georgia governor Stacy Abrams as her role model. Jade and Simone explain their “No Dating rule” (95), which they established after Jade found herself “obsessed” with a boyfriend her freshman year. Simone laughs when Jade reveals this was Tim, who made anti-gay comments. Jade reports she and Simone are not gay. Avery prompts Simone to share her past romantic entanglements, but Simone refuses.

Chapter 7 Summary

After Letty receives a poor report from her doctor, Avery overhears Letty and Zora arguing about Letty’s health and their relationship, though Zora quickly quiets when she sees Avery entering. When Avery sees a pamphlet about end-of-life care, she asks to spend time with Letty, but Letty rebuffs her.

That evening, Simone climbs through Avery’s window to have a picnic of cheesy bread that Simone gets free from her pizza parlor job. They discuss Jade’s family, particularly Lucas’s temper, which Simone reports Jade did not inherit. Simone credits Amelia for her friendship with Jade: When a young Simone accompanied Carole to work, Amelia brought Jade as a playmate, starting their friendship.

Simone reports her history with Letty, who brought her food after her brother Shawn died, which made her a “superhero” to Simone. Simone urges Avery to promise she won’t stop trying to connect with Letty. She asks about Avery’s coming out, claiming she has “no reason” for her curiosity. Avery is unconvinced but doesn’t pry. Avery vows to prioritize her new friendship over her crush. Later, after Simone leaves, Avery finds a letter from Jade and Simone inviting her to a “secret location” at midnight the following week.

Chapter 8 Summary

Avery overhears Letty and Zora arguing about Letty staying in a healthcare facility for her end-of-life care. Their argument vaguely alludes to a longstanding quarrel about Carole (later revealed to be about Letty objecting to Carole and Zora being in love as teenagers). Avery convinces Letty to join her for a drive, during which Avery playfully responds to Letty’s incessant criticisms of her driving.

When they pass the Bardell train station, Letty confides that was where she met Avery’s grandfather, who was an Amtrak porter. She tells the story of her two-year letter by courtship with Ray, after which he returned to Bardell to marry Letty. Ray’s parents disapproved of the match, which Letty attributes to colorism. Ray died less than a year after their marriage; Avery’s ignorance of this story leads Letty to criticize Zora for traveling and visiting Sam’s family while returning to Bardell only once in a decade. She criticizes Avery for not knowing about her maternal family, though after Avery insists that she wants to know more, she allows that she will tell her “some things” when she is “ready” (122).

Interlude 4 Summary: “The Porter”

Raymond Harding was not a natural train porter, struggling with “the ability to appear simultaneously present and invisible to white passengers” (123). Raymond disagreed with his father’s statement that a railroad job is “a Good Black Job” until he met Letty June Prince (124). He fell instantly for Letty, which baffled his parents, who refused to meet her.

Chapter 9 Summary

Jade and Simone take Avery to a hotel room, the “secret location” from their note. Jade has bartered a favor from a desk clerk to get them the room, unbeknownst to her parents. They have a party to celebrate their friendship; Avery is touched when Jade and Simone give her a matching friendship ring. They have brought materials to give Avery her long-desired cropped haircut, which Avery feels makes her look like herself for the first time. They drink whiskey and sing along to music, which Avery considers a “perfect night.”

After Jade falls asleep, Simone admits to Avery that she is a lesbian, but that she doesn’t think she has a future where she can be openly gay. She feels that her plan to go to Spelman is “a fantasy” because she can’t leave her mom behind. She confesses to feeling “so fucking lonely” because white, straight Jade and Avery, whose parents support her sexuality, don’t understand her struggles (136). She cries over how, though she knows her own worth, she fears adding anti-gay slurs to the anti-fat rhetoric and racism she faces in school.

When Simone asks for a moment alone, Avery goes to retrieve their pizza. She finds her mom and Carole laughing together. She is shocked to see Zora look at Carole with a kind of “tenderness” Avery has never seen on her mother’s face.

Chapter 10 Summary

The next morning, the three girls hurry from the hotel room as Avery muses on Simone’s confession and the scene with Zora and Carole. Simone avoids Avery. Avery cajoles Letty into taking another trip to the train station. Letty compliments Avery’s hair, the two settling into a playfully combative rapport.

Letty reports that Ray was murdered by three white police officers while Letty was pregnant with Zora. Letty blames herself for his death as, when the officers wanted to shop at the general store where Ray worked after closing time, Letty refused, claiming they had plans. The officers taunted Letty and attempted to sexually assault her. She slapped one of them, leading them to arrest Ray, even as he apologized profusely. Letty never saw him again; she is certain they killed him.

A train employee asks them to leave the station, as they aren’t ticketed passengers. Avery, horrified by Letty’s story, vomits. When they arrive home, Zora reprimands Avery for taking Letty out in the heat, leading mother and daughter to argue about their different opinions about spending time with Letty. When Avery confronts Zora about Ray’s murder, Zora admits to hiding the truth to avoid the pain of that history.

Chapter 11 Summary

Jade drives Simone and Avery to school, surprising Avery when she remembers her coffee preferences, which Avery mentioned offhandedly. She worries, however, about Simone’s quiet detachment. Jade complains about Tallulah’s excitement over the upcoming winter formal, which Avery thinks could be a nice event, could she attend with Simone. When Avery tries to discuss Simone’s confession about her sexuality, Simone brushes her off, insisting nothing is wrong, which makes Avery anxious about her nascent friendships.

Avery finds her home life falling into a routine, albeit one where she lies to her “high-achieving mother” about her diminished interest in astrophysics and her incomplete Georgetown application. She also hides how she likes Bardell as Zora incessantly complains about it. Zora hires a nurse, Isaac, who bonds with Letty over horror movies.

Zora asks Avery’s advice in planning a fun day for Letty; though she likes Avery’s recommendation of a spa day, she rejects going to the Draper. Mama Letty and Avery both understand this is about Carole, though Avery doesn’t understand why. Avery comments on the ugliness of Letty’s clock, which Letty confides she has kept because Avery, as a child, gave it as a Christmas present.

Interlude 5 Summary: “The Con Artists”

Lucas Oliver is accustomed to getting what he wants in life, from marrying Amelia to having an affair with Tallulah. He doesn’t fear retribution, knowing “from history that when Oliver men screwed up, they never stayed in trouble for long” (163). Lucas’s grandfather, Carl, considered himself “a genius” for building the Draper into an “idyllic Southern fantasy straight from Gone with the Wind” (164). Decades later, young Avery visited Bardell for Christmas, though she does not remember seeing police tape in front of the Draper from a recently discovered body.

Chapter 6-Interlude 5 Analysis

This portion of the novel addresses issues of allyship and how a white person can support her Black friend—and the limits of that support. Avery becomes closer with Jade and Simone in this portion of the novel, the duo of best friends becoming a trio. In one of the early incidents that establishes their close friendship, Avery confides how harmed she was by Kelsi’s imitation of a Black rapper and the subsequent argument in which Kelsi insists Avery’s anger is an “overreaction,” framing Avery’s Blackness as inauthentic or insufficient due to her white father.

Jade notably does not separate herself from the category of “white girls” when she derides Kelsi’s racist comments. Instead, she specifically includes herself, saying, “I’m sorry on behalf of white girls everywhere” (88). Though the novel thus establishes Jade as someone who tries to understand her Black friends’ pain without making excuses, it consciously illustrates that this understanding is both limited and something Jade can choose to ignore—as she does temporarily later in the novel, when she and Avery fight over the Olivers’ role in Ray’s death. Simone and Avery, by contrast, cannot opt out (even temporarily) of understanding how anti-Black racism affects their lives, speaking to the theme of the Aggregate Burdens of Racism. Hammonds addresses the fact that racism is not something that can be avoided based on place or surrounding oneself with perceived “good” people. Racism is everywhere due to its systemic and normalized nature in society.

Simone’s tearful, drunken admission in Chapter 9 that Jade cannot truly understand Simone because Jade is straight and white, indicates how painfully aware Simone is of the different societal constraints placed upon the two friends by their heterosexist, racist world. Trying to understand and actually understanding the lived experiences of a radicalized subject in a racist environment are distinct concepts in the text. Yet, Hammonds does not argue that Jade’s attempts to understand are immaterial, though insufficient. Jade, Simone, and Avery repair their friendship after their big fight; Jade apologizes without excuse and works to make amends. The novel does not suggest that this fixes the problem of understanding—Jade will never be able to truly comprehend the position of a Black LGBTQ+ girl—but that does not render the friendship between the three meaningless or unimportant.

This portion of the novel also sees Avery beginning to feel more at home in Bardell, despite her initial disinclination to relocate from DC. Avery gradually realizes, spurred by her discussion of the way her feelings were disregarded by Hikari and Kelsi, that Life in Cities Versus Small Towns is not as clearly divided as she realized. Though her initial impression of Bardell led her to assume it unilaterally conservative and racist, her discussions with her new friends lead her to understand deeper nuance. Despite their location in liberal DC, Kelsi and Hikari met Avery’s concern with racist aggression, and the relationships Avery builds in Bardell help her understand and accept herself with fewer limitations than her old friends encouraged.

The novel thus explores and refutes regional stereotypes that attempt to draw stark dichotomies between big cities and small towns or between a supposed liberal North and an outdated South. Instead, Avery learns that both places are influenced by histories of racism and that both locations have something to offer her during her coming-of-age.

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