66 pages • 2 hours read
Mary Downing HahnA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Hahn not only utilizes the graveyard to establish the novel’s ghostly setting but also to illuminate the personalities of her characters. The graveyard represents different things to different characters. Michael sees the graveyard as a source of knowledge—“an archaeological project” (31). He is excited to learn about how those interred there died and even wishes he could examine their bones. Mr. Simmons has personal knowledge of some of the people buried there, who include family members, and sees the graveyard as a resting place for them and a source of memories and history for him. Dave believes that the graveyard represents a physical locus for Heather to come to terms psychologically with her mother’s death. Heather sees the graveyard as a source of friendship, exclusive love, and perhaps also the death or isolation she guiltily feels she deserves. Mom finds the old graveyard peaceful.
Only Molly finds the graveyard terrifying. The cemetery holds horror-film-worthy associations for her, which prove terrifyingly true. Molly alone picks up on the graveyard’s spooky atmosphere and the sinister nature of Helen. The graveyard also represents Molly’s fear of death. The emotional angst Molly experiences in the cemetery as she envisions her own loss of life brings home the stark reality of death. Ultimately, the graveyard becomes a peaceful place for Molly that suggests the importance and continuance of family, even in death.
Like the graveyard, Helen embodies Molly’s worries about death and the afterlife. Molly questions what comes after death, and Helen’s existence partially answers those questions. Molly even speculates that it might be better to be a ghost and have some part of you live on than to become nothing. Helen also represents an external, intangible threat to the family that Molly alone can defeat.
To Heather, Helen offers the affection she seeks. Helen represents unconditional acceptance. Helen knows—and shares—Heather’s guilty secret and accepts Heather’s friendship regardless of her past. She represents both Heather’s guilt and the potential for freedom from guilt and unhappiness. In this sense, characters like Mom, who thinks the ghost is simply a psychological construct, are right: Helen is real within the world of the story, but she symbolizes a way for Heather to deal with her negative emotions.
Helen’s locket stands for the promise Heather and Helen make to be each other’s best friends. Helen even threatens to take back her locket and give it to someone “who will love [her]” when Heather’s resolve falters (153). The silver necklace with its heart-shaped pendant is a tangible representation of Helen and Heather’s connection: their loneliness and shared guilt. The girls share the same initials, H.E.H., and the same secret. The locket, like guilt, is also the source of Helen’s power over Heather. The locket reveals Helen’s desire to control Heather and compel her to be friends. When Molly removes the locket from Heather’s neck, she frees her from Helen’s control.
The locket does not open when Heather first receives it from Helen, but at the end of the novel, when the locket mysteriously returns, it springs open. This suggests that both girls’ secrets are over, both girls are forgiven, and both can find happiness. Heather can remember Helen with real affection, as Helen’s note requests.
When Molly first observes Heather talking to Helen’s grave, Molly thinks the younger girl’s face looks as though “it hid secrets, terrible secrets” (49). Secrets inform the novel’s themes of guilt and loss. To her emotional detriment, Heather keeps her accidental role in her mother’s death a secret. She also attempts to keep her interactions with Helen a secret, accusing Molly and Michael of “spying” on her. Both secrets contribute to Heather’s increasing distance from Molly, Michael, Mom, and even Dave. Helen uses her knowledge of Heather’s secret to lure Heather into her clutches, suggesting that Dave would not love Heather “If he knew what [she] know[s] […] would he?” (153).
By Mary Downing Hahn