46 pages • 1 hour read
Junji Ito, Transl. Yuji OnikiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
As Kirie walks by Kurouzu-cho’s old row houses, she witnesses a dispute between two families. A boy named Kazunori is in love with a neighboring girl named Yoriko, but their families will not allow them to be together. Kirie talks to Kazunori, who tells her that the row house families cannot accept their poverty and have become entangled in arguments. Kirie relays the incident to Shuichi, who tells her that the families cannot help their behavior because they are cursed by the spiral and their souls have become twisted. He asks Kirie to run away with him again, but she turns him down.
Concerned for Kazunori and Yoriko, Kirie returns to the row houses to check on them. She finds out that the two ran away and decides to try and find them. Meanwhile, Kazunori and Yoriko are alone in a secluded row house. They see two snakes viciously intertwined and realize they are not fighting, but making love. They decide to elope together—but their parents discover them. Yoriko’s father beats Kazunori and forces his daughter to leave. Kirie offers to help Kazunori with his plans for elopement. As she talks to him, she fails to notice that his spine has begun to twist.
The next day, Kirie and Shuichi wait at the train station for Kazunori and Yoriko, as they plan to help the runaways buy tickets. Kazunori and Yoriko arrive in a panic because their parents are chasing them. Shuichi leads the group to a nearby beach—but the parents quickly find them. The families attempt to pry Kazunori and Yoriko away from each other, but the two begin twisting and elongating their bodies like vines. They intertwine, mimicking the snakes they saw in the row house earlier. Panicked, the adults try to unravel Kazunori and Yoriko, but the two slither into the ocean, united as one organism.
One of Kirie’s classmates dies after an attention-seeking stunt gone wrong. Kirie talks to her friend Sekino about the incident. Sekino understands the need for attention, as she also loves the spotlight. When Kirie tells Shuichi about the incident, he once again attributes it to the curse. An exasperated Kirie doesn’t understand how the two relate. Shuichi explains that the connection lies with mesmerism: Just as spirals draw people toward their center, those cursed also seek to draw in others through attention seeking.
The next day, Kirie notices everybody staring at her in school. She realizes that the ends of her hair have wound up into tight curls. No matter what Kirie does to control her hair, the curls refuse to vanish. At the hair salon, her hair attacks the stylist; every time Kirie herself tries to cut off her hair, it winds around her neck and strangles her. Her hair becomes its own dangerous organism, wild for attention. It winds into different shapes and movements to mesmerize everybody in sight. Kirie grows exhausted trying to manage the hair, and she soon becomes a passive vessel for its mission for attention.
One day, Sekino arrives at school with her own wild curls competing for attention. Kirie and Sekino’s hair become envious of each other and begin fighting. Shuichi tries to cut Kirie’s hair, but it wraps around his body. Kirie collapses, exhausted, and Sekino is thrilled to be the new center of attention. Shuichi cuts off a chunk of Kirie’s hair, and the two embrace, realizing that the hair was stealing her energy.
Meanwhile, Sekino attracts a large crowd in the center of town. As she walks through the streets, her hair grows to more elaborate heights, and her body withers away. Sekino grows so weak that she falls to her knees. As her hair winds up a telephone pole, Sekino dies. Her skeletal body hangs limply as the hair continues to grow, branching out into spirals.
A boy named Mitsuru Yamaguchi becomes obsessed with Kirie. He follows her around and jumps out of hiding to surprise her, earning him the nickname “jack-in-the-box.”
Kirie and a friend walk through the local cemetery to school, discussing how the town decided to bury people in response to the crematorium smoke spirals. Suddenly, Mitsuru leaps out from behind a grave and scares them both. The girls reprimand Mitsuru, but he continues to follow Kirie for weeks.
One day, Kirie receives a package from Mitsuru. She returns it to him unopened, telling him that his obsession must stop. Mitsuru thinks he hasn’t done enough to make Kirie understand his feelings. As the ultimate act of devotion, he runs out into the street and leaps in front of a car, believing his love for Kirie will stop the vehicle. Mitsuru is run over, dying with his body wrapped around one of the tires.
Kirie can’t stop thinking about Mitsuru’s gruesome death. One night, she finally opens his gift—revealing a jack-in-the-box. She calls Shuichi for comfort. As he assures Kirie that Mitsuru’s death is not her fault, she hears the jack-in-the-box whisper that it is, and that Mitsuru will come back for her.
Frightened, Kirie makes Shuichi go to the cemetery with her to dig up Mitsuru’s body to ensure he is dead. As they dig Mitsuru’s grave, the casket door whips open on its own. Mitsuru’s decaying, reanimated body emerges, held together by stitches. As he leaps out of his grave, Kirie and Shuichi run in terror.
As Mitsuru leaps after the couple, his stitches loosen and his rotting body begins to fall apart. Just when Kirie and Shuichi think the chase is over, Mitsuru launches himself one last time. Kirie dodges his embrace and he crumples, completely falling apart. Kirie and Shuichi study Mitsuru’s remains and realize he had an automobile suspension spring trapped in his body from the accident.
Kurouzu-cho is going through a period of heavy rain. While Kirie is in class, a fellow student named Katayama arrives late and is sopping wet. He is bullied by other students for being slow. During gym class, the boys strip him in the locker room to humiliate him—only to discover a spiral shape on his back.
Later in the week, Katayama comes to school with a large swelling on his back in the shape of a spiral. As the week progresses, the swelling grows—until one day, Katayama slithers into class on his belly. The swelling has become a snail shell. The next day, Katayama completes his transformation and becomes a human-sized snail. As the class watches Katayama make his way around the school, Kirie remarks that he must have been cursed by the spiral. Katayama’s parents disown their son, and the school takes the boy-turned-snail into custody. Students flock to Katayama’s school pen, watching him with fascination. One boy named Tsumura pokes Katayama with a stick, justifying his bullying by claiming the latter is no longer human, only a thoughtless snail.
When Kurouzu-cho’s weather dries up, students notice Tsumura drinking an excessive amount of water and walking slowly; he stops going to class. Weeks later, when it begins raining again, Kirie’s class sees a human-snail—Tsumura—climbing up their window. Tsumura is placed in Katayama’s pen, and the students watch in horror as the two begin mating. The teacher, Mr. Yokota, explains that this is possible because snails are hermaphrodites.
Several weeks later, Katayama and Tsumura escape their pen. Mr. Yokota leads the class on a search in the woods. They find a nest of snail eggs, and to Kirie’s dismay, Mr. Yokota destroys them. A few days later, Mr. Yokota arrives as a snail.
Chapters 5-8 advance the concept of the spiral. In these chapters, the spiral consumes not only the mind and body, but the spirit. Chapters 1-4 introduced the curse and its physical manifestations, while Chapters 5-8 delve into ethics and group morality. Junji Ito shifts from exploring the body to the inner self, expanding the scope of his book to include complex social commentary.
In Chapter 5, Ito introduces the concept of twisted souls alongside twisted bodies. When Kazunori explains the prejudices rife in the row houses, he notes “their hearts are bent out of shape. It’s probably because they can’t accept their poverty…that they shield themselves by becoming warped” (145). Here, the power of the spiral transcends physical limitations and interacts with the soul, contorting the morality of those in Kurouzu-cho. This warped morality characterizes Chapters 5-8: Chapter 5 sees families fighting to deny love, while Chapters 6-7 focus on Sekino and Mitsuru’s twisted priorities, both chasing popularity and acceptance at the cost of their lives. Chapter 8’s snail story paints a karmic tale of what happens when one decides to be cruel to others.
Body horror continues to play a significant role in Chapters 5-8, as they explore the dynamic between warped bodies and corrupted morals. In Chapter 8 (“The Snail”), Ito draws a clear connection between bodies and morals through his “snail person.” Those who commit acts of cruelty are transformed into snails. Katayama’s bully, Tsumura, and Mr. Yokota, who destroys a nest of snail eggs, are both turned into snails; in other words, they both deny the snail people’s humanity. Tsumura defends his harassment of Katayama by saying he’s “just a slug now! He’s not human anymore!” (253). Mr. Yokota uses similar language when he stomps on the snail peoples’ eggs, proclaiming that “It’s disgusting, unnatural! These creatures mustn’t breed!” (265). These cruel comments and acts of violence are juxtaposed against Kirie’s kindness, such as when she sprays Katayama with water to cool him off on a hot day.
According to the Buddhist concept of karma, positive acts beget positive consequences, whereas negative acts beget negative consequences. Buddhism is one of the main religions practiced in Japan—thus, Ito connects his explorations of mind, body, and spirit to Japanese religious practices. The karmic nature of the narrative invites readers to meditate on how their actions impact others. This is perhaps the most frightening aspect of the spiral curse: It preys on entire networks of social relations. Tsumura and Mr. Yokota’s cruelty towards the snail people foreshadows the violence that others will inflict on the snails in later chapters. Unfortunately, there will be no karmic consequences: The curse is wound too tightly around Kurouzu-cho, having already turned social relations upside down.
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