52 pages • 1 hour read
Julia QuinnA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content warning: This Themes section of this guide references childhood trauma, the death of parents, and descriptions of anxiety, panic attacks, and night terrors.
Anthony becomes Viscount when he is only 18, and his emotional needs go unmet, which affects how he forms attachments with others in adulthood. In becoming a parental figure to his youngest siblings, Anthony’s emotional needs are invalidated by himself and by the adults around him. It is a passive form of neglect wherein Anthony subconsciously learns his feelings are less important than those around him. The core belief that his father was perfect unintentionally set expectations that were unrealistically high, and engendered feelings of inadequacy when Anthony became a man in his own right. Anthony grows up believing he must stay within the “lines” set by Edmund, because he believes something bad will happen to him if he steps out of bounds. For example, he does not pursue a love match because of how profoundly heartbroken Violet was when Edmund died—love only makes grief worse, and Anthony does not want to cause anyone any unnecessary pain. Anthony avoids love and marriage as a coping mechanism, believing that if he never marries or loves anyone, then fewer people will be hurt by his inevitable untimely death.
For Kate, her father eventually stopped trying to talk to her about what she saw when her birth mother died. As soon as it was no longer a viable conversation, Kate unconsciously learned that her caregivers would not support her emotionally, so she grew up believing that she had to be the strongest one in the family—at first only for herself, but later for Mary and Edwina, too, when Mr. Sheffield died. Initially, Mary fully stepped into the maternal role when she married Kate’s father, since she vowed to love Kate as her own daughter and give her the life her mother would have wanted. Not only did Mr. Sheffield’s death parentify Kate, but it also made Mary’s caregiving become inconsistent. Though she was struggling to navigate her own grief as a new widow, Kate and Edwina still needed Mary to help them feel secure. Mary’s detachment made Kate feel unworthy, especially when compared to Edwina. Though Mary loves Kate and never intended for her to feel this way, Kate develops a core belief that no one will care for her. As such, she throws her full efforts into caring for Edwina, making her feel safe, loved, and accepted. Part of Kate’s healing comes from learning to choose herself and see herself as being worthy of love and safety, and much of that development comes from her relationship with Anthony. Kate’s healing progresses exponentially when she repairs the ruptured caregiver bond with Mary. Mary acknowledges her passive neglect, helps Kate understand the root of her trauma, and explains how and why their family’s dynamic changed. They speak openly about their feelings and unpack their grief together. In doing so, they set an example for Anthony to later do the same. Kate learns that her emotional distress matters to Mary, and it matters to Anthony, too; their conversation heals the parent-child bond and helps Kate open herself up to emotional intimacy with her partner.
Anthony’s relationship with his father made him feel safe and loved. As the firstborn son, Anthony looked to Edmund as a role model, and as he grew up, Anthony identified with his father in every regard. Edmund’s death was not only a trauma for the whole Bridgerton family, as they lost a father and a husband, but for Anthony it was especially traumatic because by losing his father, he felt like he lost a part of himself. The loss forced him to recognize his own vulnerability, and it also caused him to question his identity as a man. With Edmund alive, Anthony felt safe because of their strong bond; when Edmund dies, Anthony’s sense of security ruptures. His proximity to Edmund’s unexpected vulnerability made Anthony more aware of his own. Anthony’s attachment to Edmund is a substantial part of what makes him who he is, so without Edmund, Anthony not only entered adulthood without his father, but he was also forced to reshape his identity in Edmund’s absence.
Anthony’s belief that he will die young stems directly from Edmund’s untimely death, which signifies that Anthony’s first step in his adult identity formation was to incorporate his own vulnerability as a core belief. Initially, he takes a defiant stance to facing his precarity, because instead of avoiding bees, Anthony swats at them to provoke them into stinging him. As he matures, Anthony believes that the only control he has over his death is the effect it will have on other people. If he prevents himself from forming new attachments, there will be fewer people who will be affected by the loss. However, when Anthony meets Kate, he forms an attachment to her despite his every effort not to, because by being confounded and frustrated by her, he invests emotional energy into her, thus forging a bond with her. They are already connected; she is already part of who he is.
The effect Kate has on Anthony changes how he thinks about himself and his relations to others. When he witnesses her carriage accident, Anthony worries that Kate has died suddenly, at a young age, just like Edmund did. He also feels that without Kate, he has nothing to live for, signifying how profoundly their bond has shaped his identity. Losing Kate means losing himself as well. Being confronted by Kate’s mortality causes Anthony to choose a life of love with her, because he feels that a short life full of love is better than a longer life alone. Anthony’s proximity to others’ precarity does make him aware of his own mortality, but his bonds with others are what cause him to reshape his identity with love as the foundation, rather than fear.
Regency-era England was a patriarchal society and as such, there is a specific role Anthony is expected to fulfill because he is a man. Part of that role is conforming to a socially-acceptable vision of masculinity in which men are dominators, perpetually strong, and detached from strong emotions—especially love or fear. Traditionally, men in patriarchal cultures look to their fathers as examples of how to best align oneself with masculinity. Since Edmund is dead, Anthony has no such paternal figure after which he can model himself in the present, so he looks to his father’s example as the paragon of masculinity. That said, Edmund did not adhere to several commonly upheld standards of the time, since his marriage was based in love rather than solely in matters of power and social position. Without a positive connection to an adult man, Anthony invests his masculine energy into patriarchal stereotypes, such as being a capital-R “Rake.” He feels he is better able to fulfill the demands of his position in patriarchal society if he does not feel his emotions, even and especially if he marries.
Anthony’s understanding of love is so deeply entangled with his feelings of grief to the point where he believes he should not allow himself to love anyone, because avoiding that emotional bond will prevent someone from being hurt by his death. By experiencing love and witnessing Kate heal her familial relationships, Anthony learns how to let go of the need to be strong in all things, all the time. His marriage reflects Edmund’s; it is based in love, and that love allows Anthony to extract himself from the demands of patriarchal masculinity. He does not have to bear it all alone; he can have a loving marriage based on mutuality rather than authority. Kate also offers a model for emotional awareness that helps Anthony choose life: When he finally speaks his pain, she listens. She faces his pain without turning away, which validates Anthony’s emotions and encourages him to feel. Healing requires feeling, and feeling freely, which patriarchal masculinity did not allow him to do.
By Julia Quinn
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