33 pages • 1 hour read
Kwame AlexanderA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Alexander conceived of “The Undefeated” when Barack Obama was elected president in 2008. For Alexander and many others, President Obama’s election was a moment of hope and change, as it marked something many people thought would never happen: the election of an African American President of the United States.
“The Undefeated” matches this feeling of optimism that President Obama’s election brought. The poem also strives to achieve two goals that marked the social justice movement of the 2010s: empower Black identity and bluntly challenge historical and contemporary injustices. These goals have always been part of the civil rights and social justice movements, but with the rise of social media in the 2000s, and especially with the Black Lives Matter movement of the 2010s, these goals infused the movement with a tone and energy that reached more people than in the past, bringing these important issues to the forefront of conversation.
With any aspect of the social justice movement, it is important to understand how history has informed the present. One thing that has always been a feature of conversation about African American history is the history of oppression and subjugation African Americans have experienced in America. While this is an important part of African American history to understand and discuss, “The Undefeated” seeks to highlight the beauty and power of African Americans throughout history. So instead of a poem that focuses only on slavery, Jim Crow, segregation, and racial inequality, the poem also focuses on powerful and beautiful voices from American American history, including Black athletes, artists, and thinkers. This is important because it highlights the fact that there is more to African American history than just pain and suffering; there is also beauty, empowerment, strength, and success, and these things happened because of the individual Black people who lived under an oppressive system, challenged it, and inspired change.
“The Undefeated” is a poem for children. Alexander conceived of the poem the same year his second daughter was born, and according to the book’s Afterword, he wanted the poem to remind his daughters and himself to never give up hope. By focusing on inspirational figures and by using a simple, repetitive style, Alexander’s message can resonate with people of all ages.
Because this is a children’t poem, Alexander does not need to utilize complex rhetorical or poetic structures; instead, the language is clear and direct, the lines are short and don’t use complicated diction, and the images do as much work as the text to tell the poem’s story. This does not make the poem of any less value than a poem written for adult audiences, though; on the contrary, children’s poetry is incredibly difficult to produce, especially when it focuses on heavy topics. Children’s poetry like “The Undefeated” seeks to teach morals and provide lessons to young people, but it must do this in an engaging and accessible way. Alexander accomplishes this with his structure, style, and with help from Nelson’s illustrations.
By Kwame Alexander