50 pages • 1 hour read
Emma DonoghueA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The next morning, in the kitchen, Julia notices that Tim has a bruise on his cheek. Julia asks Tim if he knocked into something or if someone attacked him, but Tim refuses to answer. Julia reflects on the how the people of Dublin treat veterans. Some thank veterans for their service, while others might judge those who return with no visible injuries. Others might criticize Tim for fighting on the British Army’s behalf. Still others might accuse veterans of having brought the flu to Ireland from overseas.
Tim gives Julia two gifts for her 30th birthday: a package of chocolate truffles and an orange. Julia leaves for work, biking to the tram station and then taking the tram to the hospital.
Back in the Maternity/Fever ward, Julia greets Sister Luke, the night nurse. Honor, Mary, and Delia are still in the three cots. Honor is saying the rosary to herself, and Sister Luke whispers to Julia that she believes Honor’s piousness is just for show. Sister Luke explains that this is Honor’s second time staying at the home for unwed mothers, which nuns run. Sister Luke explains that after giving birth, the single mothers at the home must stay for a year and do housework to work off the cost of lodging. Because it is Honor’s second time at the home, however, Sister Luke says that Honor will have to stay on for two years after her baby’s birth. Julia asks if the home ever allows women to leave with their babies. Sister Luke replies that convents take in most babies as orphans and raise them, explaining, “Sure most of these lassies want nothing more than to be freed from the shame and nuisance” (173). Julia thinks the entire system has “a bizarre, circular logic” (173).
Julia is happy to see Bridie come through the door, as she wasn’t sure if Bridie would return for a second day. Sister Luke begins to give Bridie orders. This frustrates Julia because Sister Luke is done with her shift and Julia is now in charge, but she thinks, “[I]t would do this young woman no good if I stirred up trouble between her and the nun, given that they lived under the same roof. And besides, patients shouldn’t be made uneasy by dissent in the ranks” (175). After Sister Luke leaves, Julia binds Delia’s chest to help the milk in Delia’s breasts dry up more quickly and then gives Honor aspirin to help with her fever. Julia notes that Mary has seven minutes between contractions and hopes that the procedure the previous day to break Mary’s water will help Mary deliver the baby soon.
Groyne arrives with a metal crib for Mary’s baby for the post-delivery. He overhears Julia comment that it’s her birthday and teases her about her old age. Groyne also teases her about being the head of her household as a single woman and says that he disagrees with the women’s right to vote—an important political issue at the time—because women don’t pay the “blood tax” (179) by fighting in the war. Julia responds, “Look around you, Mr. Groyne. This is where every nation draws its first breath. Women have been paying the blood tax since time began” (180). Groyne leaves.
Julia asks Bridie when her birthday is. Bridie admits that she doesn’t know, as her family gave her up when she was a baby. Bridie grew up with a foster mother until age four, then lived in an orphanage run by nuns. Julia tells Bridie that she can share her birthday if she’d like.
Dr. Lynn arrives and examines the three patients. She tells Delia that she must stay at the hospital another week because she’s still recovering from her delivery. Dr. Lynn says that Mary is ready to start pushing, and Julia helps Mary lay back. Dr. Lynn leaves.
Julia and Bridie encourage Mary to push. Julia remembers that a woman’s first birth sometimes takes two hours of pushing, but after one hour she begins to worry that something’s obstructing the baby. Julia sends Bridie to find Dr. Lynn. Bridie returns a moment later with two male police officers. Julia scolds the officers for barging in on a women’s ward. They say they’re looking for Dr. Lynn—she’s accused of war crimes. Julia and Bridie both say they don’t know where Dr. Lynn is, and Julia thinks, “The fact was, I couldn’t do without the doctor, not right now, when there wasn’t an obstetrician in the building […] My patient’s welfare came first, and politics would just have to wait” (188). After the police officers leave, Julia asks Bridie if she lied to the police when she said that she couldn’t find Dr. Lynn. With a “mischievous” (189) smile, Bridie admits, “Not exactly. They said she was in surgery and they’d get a message to her” (189). Julia and Bridie continue encouraging Mary to push, but the delivery doesn’t seem to be progressing. Julia notes that Mary has a high pulse and injects her with warm saline to bring it down.
Dr. MacAuliffe arrives in the ward and examines Mary. He says that he thinks it’s time to intervene surgically by performing a pubiotomy to widen the pelvis. Julia disagrees, knowing that these surgeries can cause permanent damage or permanent pain—and because she doesn’t think Dr. MacAuliffe has had much experience with the procedure. She “tried to think of how to phrase my objections” (193), knowing that going against a doctor’s orders is insubordination. Just then, a junior nurse appears and tells Dr. MacAuliffe he’s needed in Men’s Fever. The junior nurse also delivers a message from Dr. Lynn, suggesting to Julia that she try “Walcher’s” (194) on Mary to see if it will help with the delivery. The junior nurse leaves. Dr. MacAuliffe instructs Julia to prepare for surgery. After he leaves, Julia looks up Walcher’s in her midwifery book. Walcher’s is a position in which the pregnant woman lays on a raised mattress with her legs in the air to help encourage crowning. Bridie places bedrests under Mary’s mattress to raise up one end, and Bridie and Julia help Mary into position. Mary continues to cry out in pain. Julia encourages Mary to push, and after a moment, Julia sees the top of the baby’s head. Julia and Bridie bring the mattress back down to a level position and encourage Mary to keep pushing. Mary gives birth to a healthy baby girl. Julia cleans the baby and allows Mary to hold her even though Julia worries the baby shouldn’t be so close to Mary when Mary has a fever. After Julia helps Mary get into position to breastfeed her baby, Delia gives Mary advice on how to breastfeed. Finally, “[t]hings were beautifully quiet” (203). Mary continues to hold her baby, and Julia makes tea for everyone and begins to fill out the birth certificate.
With almost 10 years’ experience as a nurse, Julia is highly qualified. However, it’s still considered insubordination for Julia to go against a doctor’s orders because doctors are higher in rank. This becomes frustrating for Julia when she disagrees with a doctor’s advice, especially considering that the hospital doesn’t have enough staff and many of the doctors currently available don’t have experience in maternity. These moments highlight Julia’s experience and quick thinking as a nurse. When Dr. MacAuliffe arrives in the Maternity/Fever ward, he criticizes Julia for giving Mary warm saline and asks why Mary is lying the wrong way in the bed. Julia must explain that she sometimes allows the women to lay backward in bed so that they can push against the headboard with their feet. When Dr. MacAuliffe suggests intervening surgically—a procedure that involves sawing into Mary’s pelvic bone—Julia immediately worries about the permanent pain and damage that could cause but must “think about how to phrase my objections” (193) so that she doesn’t sound as though she’s going against the doctor’s orders. This shows how much Julia’s rank holds her back even though she has more experience with pregnant women than many doctors. She wishes she could speak with Dr. Lynn, who not only has more experience with lying-in wards but who gives Julia permission to use her best judgment. When Dr. MacAuliffe leaves, rather than prepare for surgery, Julia repositions Mary and helps her deliver a healthy baby girl, showing that Julia has the better judgment. This moment further highlights Julia’s skill, knowledge, and bravery in her profession.
One issue that comes up in these pages is women’s right to vote. This is a significant political issue in Dublin at the time. Some think that women should have the right to vote, while others think that only men should vote. Groyne, for example, expresses his opinion that only men should have the right to vote because they support the British empire by fighting in the war. He says, “Ought you really get a say in the affairs of the United Kingdom unless you’re prepared to lay down your lives for the king?” (179). However, Julia argues that women serve the UK in other ways, “as nurses and drivers” (179), for example. In addition to showing the day-to-day happenings in the hospital, this novel often explores the controversial political debates taking place at the time.
By Emma Donoghue
9th-12th Grade Historical Fiction
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