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In 1933, Emma worries that their life in Paris is too good to last; the girls earn accolades at the top school, and Ephraïm dreams of French citizenship. Emma worries that their elevated position will earn them nothing but agony. They attend a dance—a high point in the family’s history and a moment they cherish.
The following morning, the Nazi Party in Germany officially bans all other political parties. Emma and the children travel to Poland to see her family. In 1935, Ephraïm registers his company, listing himself as Palestinian, which earns the attention of French counterespionage services. Meanwhile, antisemitic comments grow more common as Jewish Germans flee the Nazi party and flood into Paris, causing the French to worry. Ephraïm angrily worries that their arrival might threaten his citizenship application.
The French leader Leon Blum is attacked for his Jewish-community connections; Jewish shop windows are broken, and antisemitic language increases. Ephraïm realizes their precarious their position in Paris. Still, he believes his value will be recognized and his citizenship granted.
Myriam earns an honors diploma and the top intellectual prize at her school; Noémie and Jacques do well in academics and athletics.
Ephraïm refuses to allow Jacques to celebrate a Bar Mitzvah, marking his 14th year and transition to manhood; Jacques regresses and clings to his mother. Emma is angry about this decision, seeing in Ephraïm a man divided.
Ephraïm’s fixation on French citizenship is renewed as he submits the application with promising feedback from the police. He picks out a French name for himself, Eugene Rivoche, and files patents for a baking machine he invented under his given and new French names. While awaiting the patent and their new citizenship, Ephraïm begins work on sound coils.
Emma secretly continues going to the synagogue. Emma’s father, Maurice, gifts his ancestral religious shawl, a tallit, to Jacques, but Emma hides it away, wary of persecution. She is proud of her faith but knows that displaying signs of her heritage is dangerous. For her, the exile from Russia was dramatic and frightening, and she wants to protect her children.
Their citizenship is denied. Ephraïm doubles his efforts to appear French, banning all things Jewish, German, and Russian in their household. When Nachman visits, Ephraïm is embarrassed of his Jewish appearance.
Ephraïm’s father plants a garden and busies himself tidying up Ephraïm’s dacha in France. Jacques forms a special bond with Nachman, following him around the grounds, gardening, and digging a well.
The girls study or ride bikes around town with their friend Colette. Nachman tells them that Anna, Ephraïm’s first love, lives in Berlin with her spouse and son, nearly dying in childbirth. Nachman says he will return to Palestine to die a free man within the year.
Ephraïm’s efforts to gain French citizenship are foiled as refugees from Germany stream into France. Among the refugees are Anna and her son. She invites Ephraïm to visit her at a hotel, and Emma encourages him.
At the hotel, Ephraïm sees that Anna hasn’t changed in 20 years. She says, before they fled, her husband was arrested, the Jewish business on their street was ransacked, and a local Jewish man was murdered in his home in Berlin. She tells Ephraïm to leave for America at once. Repulsed suddenly by Anna, he leaves the hotel and finally feels free from her. He tells Emma they will stay in France.
Ephraïm’s brother Boris visits with a new patent for determining the gender of chickens inside the egg. They go to the dacha in Normandy for Christmas, and Boris helps them farm. Boris returns to Czechoslovakia in time for the German invasion in March of 1939.
Emma’s family in Poland grows worried as France agrees to come to their aid if Germany invades. Paris is under threat of bombardment, and the family remains at the dacha. Though war rages in France, their dacha is safe, and they make a comfortable life for themselves on the farm. In Poland, Emma’s father’s house is overrun by Germans, as is his business and their dacha. The family is moved to a Jewish quarter. After the signing of the Armistice on June 22, 1940, Ephraïm’s family moves further west, away from Paris, to Les Forges. The children sense that their former life is lost forever.
In this section, Ephraïm’s distaste for his heritage and family’s history grows deeper as his ambitions occupy most of his time and energy. He shuns all things Jewish, and considers himself a modern man, eager to make his mark in France. Paradoxically, Ephraïm is also disdainful of the Jewish people coming into France from Germany. He sees their dirty, disheveled masses as a bad omen. He thinks they look like the very thing Ephraïm has fought to distance himself from—the old world. Ironically, this creates a sense of Lack of Safety in him while the real threat of war and murder looms nearby.
Ephraïm’s efforts to distance himself and his family from their Jewish heritage is futile, as the Germans will come to consider even the slightest Jewish connection as enough for condemnation. Again, the author uses foreshadowing that relies on a general understanding of WWII to reveal points of folly that could only be understood as such in hindsight. This creates a tense atmosphere of anxious anticipation, as both the outlandish dreams of Ephraïm and the simple, peaceful wishes of his children and Emma will be irrevocably broken.
Ephraïm is so determined to be anything but a Jewish Russian that he ignores his father’s warnings, Anna’s warnings, and the many signs coming out of Germany that they are unsafe in Paris. Again, Ephraïm has grown used to the taste of honey and safety, forgetting that, according to the tradition of Passover, Jewish people are never safe in their freedom. He does not see himself as a Jew, and therefore does not heed the warnings. It is the children who are aware of the shift in Europe, realizing that their former life is lost forever, even as Ephraïm remains blind to it. Further, Ephraïm is delusional to the point of forgetting Anna, a long-standing fantasy of his, once she relays the truth of the horrors befalling Jewish people in Germany: Ephraïm does not want to believe in anything that upsets his dreams. Meanwhile, Emma remains proud of her faith and heritage but realistic in that she knows it is unsafe to be Jewish in Europe. Emma represents calm, measured caution while Ephraïm represents delusion, which is, in its own way, tragic; no dreams, whether big or small, can flourish in the face of great evil, but Ephraïm believes in his dreams of a grand new world so thoroughly that his awakening will perhaps be even more crushing. Further, his father, Nachman, symbolizes both the old world and innovative survivalism: Nachman, a formerly wealthy man, would rather die a poor man who is free than remain in Europe and face persecution. In this way, Nachman mirrors young Jacques, who identifies with his Jewish roots and thus clashes with his father. Nachman, Jacques, and Emma all find their senses of identity in their heritage, but Ephraïm seeks a new identity, which ultimately puts his family in grave danger.
This section also deals heavily with antisemitism and its manifestations in an organized society. Slurs, graffiti, and dirty looks are how antisemitic actions first appear in the text. Then, businesses and homes are attacked. Finally, lives are lost as citizens are warped by their hatred. Emma’s family in Lodz experiences the shift first as Maurice, her father, loses everything in increasing attacks that began with rocks and slurs, ultimately leading to his family’s resettlement in a Jewish ghetto.
Anne, through her mother’s research, feels a growing connection to Myriam and the Rabinovitch family, and her character comes to symbolize the trickle effect of Inherited Trauma. She wonders what a legacy like this means for her and her unborn child. Lélia, ever distant and cold, has been defined by the war and her mother Myriam’s internal wounds, which have been passed down as the most significant example of Inherited Trauma and Survivor’s Guilt.
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Fear
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Forgiveness
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French Literature
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Good & Evil
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Grief
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International Holocaust Remembrance Day
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Mortality & Death
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Mothers
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World War II
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