52 pages • 1 hour read
Virginia HamiltonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section describes depictions of alcohol abuse.
John de Conquer gives a witch’s eagle beef to take him to the Devil. John wants the Devil to give him work. First, he meets the Devil’s daughter, who warns John against working for her father. Other men have worked for the Devil, and the labor killed them. John doesn't care, and the daughter, who thinks John is attractive, takes him to her father, who tells him to clear 60 acres of land in half a day. John struggles to clear the land, but the daughter arrives with her hatchet. She talks to it, and within seconds, she clears the land.
The Devil gives John another task: Plow the land and plant corn for the Devil’s dinner tomorrow night. John struggles, but the daughter arrives with her plow, talks to it, and does the job. The daughter says the Devil will kill him anyway, so they run away on the Devil’s two fastest horses. The pair gets a head start, but the Devil tells his boots to turn each step into 500 miles.
The daughter turns John into a fox and herself into a duck in a pond, and the Devil blows by them. Soon, the Devil and his boots are exhausted, so he gets a bull, and the daughter orders the horses to jump 500 miles. On his bull, the Devil catches them, but the daughter creates an endless thorn hedge. The Devil spends years cutting his way through the hedge. By the time he’s through, John and the daughter have already had a happy life and passed on.
One night, a nameless man who lives in a cabin with his dogs cuts off the tail of a mysterious creature. Later, he eats it, and it tastes delicious. The creature returns: It wants its tail back. The man summons his dogs, and they chase the creature away. The creature comes back, and the man calls his dogs again, but the dogs don’t come this time.
In the morning, the man sees the frightful creature near his bed. The man tells him he doesn’t have its tail, but the creature knows he has it, and it attacks the man and tears him to pieces. The cabin falls apart and then disappears, but people say they can still hear the odious creature asking for its tail.
Little Eight John is a rebellious boy. His mother tells him not to step on frogs or toads—it’ll bring bad luck for his family—but he steps on them anyways. The family’s cow produces bad milk, and his baby sister gets horrible stomachaches. The misfortune makes Little Eight John laugh. When he sits in a chair backward, his mom tells him it’ll bring more bad luck, but he continues to sit in a chair backward. As a result, the cornbread burns, and the milk won’t churn.
Little Eight John then climbs a tree on a Sunday, causing his father’s potatoes to perish and the mule to not plow. He counts his white teeth and makes his family sick. He sleeps at the end of the bed and makes his family poor. After Little Eight John moans on Sunday and Monday, Old Raw Head Bloody Bones, a creature made of someone’s dead bones, captures Little Eight John and turns him into a tiny spot, which his mom wipes away, thinking it’s grease.
Jack drinks whiskey all day and treats his family horribly. The Devil appears and tells him that his wife, Abbie, wants to see him. On the way to see the Devil's wife, they stop at a bar. Jack convinces the Devil to turn himself into 10 cents so they can get two drinks. The Devil can then turn back into himself. Jack doesn’t use the 10 cents to buy drinks; instead, he puts it in a change purse and shuts it tight, where the Devil can’t get out.
The Devil promises to leave Jack alone for a year if he lets him out, and Jack agrees. Jack commits to repenting, but then he figures that he only needs to repent for the last month, and the last month becomes the last 10 days. By the final week, Jack drinks so much that he hallucinates. The Devil returns and takes him away.
The Devil and Jack pass an apple tree, and Jack convinces the Devil to climb it to get the fruit. Using a knife, Jack carves a cross into the tree. The Devil can’t climb down, and Jack won’t help until the Devil promises to leave him alone forever. The Devil promises, and Jack lives a long life. He doesn’t care about repenting or behaving well. When he dies, the angels don’t let him into Heaven, and the Devil orders his minions to bar him from Hell. Instead, Jack interminably wanders the dark.
Needing shelter, the God-fearing John enters a haunted plantation home, sits in a broken chair, and makes a fire. A shiny, black cat comes in from the rain and sits in the fire, licking the coal as if it were milk. John says his prayers, but after a cracking sound, another cat the size of a hunting dog appears and asks the normal-sized cat if they’re ready. The regular cat replies that they have to wait for Martin.
John tries to move, but the chair breaks, and he gets stuck in it. He says his prayers as a third cat—bigger than the second cat and blacker than the first two cats—enters the room and sits in the fire. He asks the other two cats what they should do with John. The cats say they have to wait until Martin comes. John dislodges himself from the chair, and he tells the cats that he can’t wait for Martin. John leaves, and he never returns to the county again.
After reading about animals as humans, and then humans proper, the reader is now ready to tackle evil as symbolized by the Devil. Evil exists in Parts 1 and 2, but it becomes explicit in Part 3 due to the routine presence of the Devil.
The devilish stories feature irony. In a twist, John de Conquer seeks out the Devil and then runs away with his daughter. They marry and live happily ever after. Identity continues to symbolize fluidity. The woman’s identity as the Devil’s daughter doesn’t make her devilish. She sides with John, not her father, and works with John to defeat him.
In “Jack and the Devil,” the twist is that Jack is worse off than the Devil. As Jack tries to enter Hell, the Devil tells his minions, “Shut the gate fast as you can. Don’t let that man in here! He treated me worse than awful twice times” (131). Here, the Devil isn’t so powerful and rather easy to confront and subvert. The gullible Devil falls for Jack’s tricks—he turns himself into 10 cents and climbs the apple tree. The story complicates the theme of Intelligence Versus Thick-Headedness, leaving the reader wondering if Jack is so smart or if the Devil is uncommonly dumb.
Stupidity regularly propels the odious events in the story. In “The Peculiar Such Thing,” the unnamed man eats the tail of the mysterious creature. As the narrator puts it, “This fellow, like he had no sense, cooked the great, big, long tail” (117). If the man were clever, he wouldn’t have eaten the tail, and the devilish creature wouldn’t have torn him to pieces.
The unthinking Little Eight John hurts his family and creates an ironic ending: His mother wipes him from existence as she thinks he’s a “grease-looking spit on the kitchen table” (125). Identify continues to symbolize mutability, with Little Eight John’s lack of sense summoning Old Raw Head Bloody Bones, who transforms Little Eight John into a bit of grease. Conversely, in “Better Wait Till Martin Comes,” John is a “good man, and he [knows] his prayers” (133), so he has the sense not to stick around. Thus, the title circles back to irony: John doesn’t wait for Martin.
The stories in Part 3 feature examples of anthropomorphism with the cats in “Better Wait Till Martin Comes” and the creature in “The Peculiar Such Thing” speaking to humans as if they are humans. The reader continues to see how human behavior manifests in non-human creatures. Missing from the stories in Part 3 is the theme of Teamwork and Community. The characters don’t have other people in their lives; they’re alone, and in the vacuum, evil flourishes. Little Eight John has a community—a family—but he doesn’t treat them respectfully. He “[falls] to laughin and laughin” over how his disobedience cursed his family (122). Little Eight John’s behavior causes his own mother to erase him from his family/community.
To illustrate the evil, the storytellers rely on imagery. They use vivid language to construct powerful pictures for the reader. The reader can then view the Devil’s steaming boots in “John and the Devil’s Daughter” or Jack, denied entry into Heaven and Hell, “wanderin in the dark” in “Jack and the Devil” (132). The reader can also inspect the disturbing cats and creatures. The images are disquieting and encourage keeping away from evil atmospheres and rejecting wicked behavior.
By Virginia Hamilton
African American Literature
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Books on U.S. History
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Earth Day
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Equality
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Fate
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Fear
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Good & Evil
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Grief
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Guilt
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Hate & Anger
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Loyalty & Betrayal
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Memory
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Middle Grade Nonfiction
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Mortality & Death
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Mothers
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Order & Chaos
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Power
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Pride & Shame
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Revenge
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Safety & Danger
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Trust & Doubt
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Truth & Lies
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