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Alice HoffmanA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Forbidden love is a constant theme throughout the novel, and it’s closely related to the idea in the title, “The Marriage of Opposites.” Sometimes the forbidden love is what it sounds like, a relationship frowned on by social mores. Other times, what is forbidden isn’t romantic love but an outré desire that goes against accepted norms.
The most obvious examples of forbidden love in relationships can be seen in the cases of Rachel and Frédéric, Aaron and Jestine, Mr. Enrique and Rosalie, Camille and Julie, and Rachel’s father and Adelle. Each of these relationships revolves around opposites of one sort or another. Rachel and Frédéric’s wish to marry despite being in-laws puts them in opposition with their religion. Aaron and Jestine act in opposition to society by wanting to be together despite being of different races. The relationship between Rachel’s father and Adelle is complicated not only by their different racial backgrounds, but by their mismatched social classes and also by the fact that he is already married to someone else. Finally, Camille and Julie oppose the strong beliefs of Rachel, who tries to keep them apart because Julie isn’t Jewish and because she comes from a much lower social class than Camille. In each of these examples, the couple is in opposition to outside forces.
Forbidden desire for the socially unacceptable also pervades the novel. A prime example is Rachel’s longing to leave St. Thomas and move to France. Throughout her entire life she has wanted this, but because it would mean abandoning her first marriage, her children, or the family business, this wish is viewed as selfish and unseemly—the opposite of what a good wife and mother should want. For Camille, his oppositional desire is to be a painter, which would mean no longer being involved in the family business, going against his parents’ wishes, and not caring about being financially solvent—all of which are expectations that a man of Camille’s social standing should care about. Both Rachel and Camille live double lives, dreaming of one thing but living another. It’s only when they can marry these opposing forces in their lives that they find fulfillment.
Mothers and their daughters have complicated relationships throughout the novel. Whether through physical or emotional separation, many of the mother/daughter pairs are estranged. The story of the turtle-girl is a metaphor for this idea. The turtle-girl, a half-turtle half-human girl is abandoned on the beach by her mother because her mother doesn’t know what to do with her. Rachel identifies with this myth because she too feels abandoned by her mother. As a child, Rachel and her mother have opposing views of what a woman should be: Rachel believes that she should be able to seek an education in her father’s library, while her mother believes she should be helping her with household chores. Rachel views her mother as a bitter woman who likes Aaron more than her, and wonders if “Perhaps that was what my mother disliked most. I resembled her. I could not help but wonder if for some women, that was the worst of all sin” (7). Although Rachel thinks she’s completely different from her mother, she grows up to treat Camille exactly how her mother treated her.
Since Rachel isn’t close to her own mother, she adopts Adelle as a mother figure. In Rachel’s eyes, Adelle is everything that her mother isn’t: compassionate, caring, wise, and willing to believe in Rachel. While her own mother doesn’t give her any advice on her wedding day, Adelle tells her about sex. While her mother doesn’t actively spend time with her, Adelle lets her and Jestine be around her whenever they want. In this way, Adelle is like the mother turtle that takes the turtle-girl in. However, what Rachel doesn’t realize is that her relationship with her mother is complicated by the fact that Rachel’s father had affair with Adelle, and that Jestine is also his daughter. Knowing this and seeing Rachel grow close to Adelle is likely the reason for her mother’s bitterness.
Jestine and Lydia are an example of a mother and daughter relationship that has physically been severed due to circumstances beyond their control. When Elise essentially abducts Lydia, Jestine feels like she’s lost the most important piece of herself. Jestine misses many of the most important pieces of Lydia’s life, but when the two are reunited by the end of the novel it’s as if they never left one another. On the other hand are Madame Halevy and her daughter, Rebecca, who have been separated due to circumstances within their control. When Rebecca chooses to abandon her baby son and runs away, she never again visits her mother. In fact, she doesn’t even attend her own mother’s funeral. While Jestine and Madame Halevy’s experiences are quite different, they share the grief of being physically separated from a daughter.
The island of St. Thomas is divided not just by race but also by class. When Rachel’s family first moves to the island, people of the Jewish faith have been given equal rights to coexist without the threat of enslavement of persecution. However, slavery still exists on the island; specifically, anyone who had been a slave before the Danish King’s edict would remain a slave, but anyone who came after would be free. This meant that there would always be a sharp divide between slaves and descendants of slaves, and non-slaves. Because the island had always heavily relied on slave labor, even the descendants of slaves were seen as less than because of the color of their skin, since slave ideology had been so deeply ingrained in the culture. Rachel acknowledges that slaves are treated unfairly, she doesn’t recognize her position in relation to it. For example, she never fully acknowledges that Rosalie isn’t just a household servant, but actually Isaac and thus also her own slave.
Camille, on the other hand, always views himself against this political backdrop. He feels guilty about working in the family store because he hates to sell what seem like over-priced goods to people who can’t afford them. He considers the affluence of his family to be bourgeois, out of touch with the common man. This is why he longs for France, because in his mind France doesn’t hold such a sharp division between classes and races. It’s interesting to note how Rachel and Camille view this problem differently. Rachel admits that things on the island aren’t right, but she doesn’t openly admit that she is part of the system; Camille admits the problem, but he acknowledges he’s a part of it and is hungry for change. Perhaps one of the main reasons for this difference comes from their different upbringings. Rachel was raised immersed in the island’s Jewish community and was shaped by its opinions. However, Camille was raised in the multicultural Moravian school and never attended synagogue or befriended other children of the Jewish faith. Perhaps because of this Camille identifies with those outside his faith and class, and takes their struggles more personally.
By Alice Hoffman