57 pages • 1 hour read
Jonathan CahnA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
In 2020, Jonathan Cahn published a sequel to The Harbinger, titled The Harbinger II: The Return. The sequel follows Kaplan, Goren, and the prophet, again, as the prophet reveals further mysteries to Kaplan. As with the time gap in The Harbinger, after which the prophet asserts his claims regarding the financial crisis of 2007-08, The Harbinger II addresses events that occurred between the publishing of the two books. Also like The Harbinger, the sequel addresses the connections between ancient events and prophecies and modern occurrences, using seals as a means of delivering the prophet’s message. In the sequel, some of the harbingers or mysteries include the Gate, the Watchmen, and the Mystery Ship. The names of these mysteries are similar in nature to those in The Harbinger, indicating a direct continuation of the content and plot of the first novel into the second. Kaplan will again be reporting the prophet’s findings to Goren, framed as a narrative to communicate Cahn’s message of the need to return to God. The sequel makes logical sense, as The Harbinger ends with the implication that more evidence will appear to confirm the prophet’s prophecy. The multiple failsafe measures included in the first novel, such as the assertion that calamities will befall America, periods of prosperity may occur as illusions of safety, and the message of the first novel will be attacked and criticized, all indicate that the prophecy is inevitable, regardless of the actual events that follow its publication. As such, Cahn will easily be able to assert that the predictions of the first novel occurred, and he will be able to present an analysis of the events in the interim period with a renewed focus on the future after 2020.
A sequel to The Harbinger is inevitable in the sense that this first novel is part of a metanarrative, framed by Cahn, in which stories from the Bible, biblical commentaries, and modern US history are layered within Cahn’s novel to assert a master narrative of spiritual significance and judgment. A metanarrative involves the combining and piecing together of different stories to create a larger, or master, story, which usually purports to explain current, and predict future, events. The Harbinger is precisely this type of work, in which the stories of Isaiah and other biblical prophets, elements of world history, American history, and contemporary American events are explained in connection with one another to generate an overarching narrative of God’s involvement in human events. As such, the metanarrative does not end, as it involves the prediction of greater judgment and more warnings of judgment in the future. In reading The Harbinger, it is important to keep in mind how the novel combines various narratives to construct its own, as well as to acknowledge the forward-looking nature of prophecy. As prophecies are always pointed toward a future, the reader should be aware that the novel is a call to action, urging the reader and all Americans to accept and love God to avoid judgment.
The Harbinger relies on prophecy and scripture taken from the Old Testament in making a claim about the future of America. That future, if America does not turn to God, is judgment, or calamity, which is implied to be the end of the nation. To appreciate Cahn’s presentation of the prophecy, it is important to understand the Old Testament prophets and the overall genre of apocalyptic literature. In the Hebrew Bible, one section, the Nevi’im, contains the prophets, while the Catholic Bible includes only the Letter of Jeremiah, composed by Baruch ben Neriah, and referenced in The Harbinger, and the Protestant Bible includes the Books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, and Daniel. In addition to Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel, known as the “Major” prophets, there are also 12 “Minor” prophets grouped into a single Book, The Minor Prophets, in the Hebrew Bible. All the prophets discuss the same period, from the time the Israelites entered Israel in the 13th or 12th century BCE until the occupation of Judah and destruction of the first Temple of Solomon by the Babylonians in 586 BCE. All four major prophets preached that Israel had turned away from God, and God would destroy Israel if they did not repent. Isaiah and Jeremiah preached in Israel, with Jeremiah living to see the Babylonian invasion, while Ezekiel and Daniel preached to captured Israelites in Babylon during this time.
The significance of these prophecies is that The Harbinger follows the same style of dualistic theology as the biblical prophecies. Cahn’s prophet is at once emphasizing that God is going to bring about the destruction of America and that God’s love is infinite. The prophet claims, using the language and structure of Isaiah, that America has turned away from God and needs to repent to avoid future destruction. The component of this novel that labels it, as well as the major prophets, as “apocalyptic,” is the premise that the apocalypse, or an immense calamity or destruction, will occur soon. The exact nature of this apocalypse is left unclear in The Harbinger, and Cahn’s focus is on presenting the warning signs, as they align with Isaiah 9:10, to form a parallel structure between the biblical prophecies and the prophecy of his prophet character. In analyzing this text, it is important to note the verses used and the overarching meaning of the major prophets, as the entirety of the text is intended to mirror those original works, contributing to the sense of the novel as a metanarrative.
The Harbinger uses Isaiah 9:10 as the basis for its prophetic teachings. The King James version of the verse states, “The bricks are fallen down, but we will build with hewn stones: the sycamores are cut down, but we will change them into cedars.” The New International Version titles this passage, “The Lord’s Anger Against Israel” and emphasizes the “pride and arrogance” in the Israelites’ hearts as they vow to rebuild from the Assyrian invasion. There is some dispute over its authorship, but it is attributed to the prophet Isaiah from the 8th century BCE. This verse is commonly interpreted in light of the late-580s BCE Judean captivity by the second Babylonian empire. The Babylonians had re-taken the fertile crescent from the Assyrians in 612 BCE. The Babylonians were then conquered by the Persian empire in 539 BCE.
In the novel, the prophet’s assessment of the Assyrians is based on the fact that the Assyrians had the most advanced army of their time and often used brutal techniques to create their empire, which was the largest of its kind. The prophet frequently refers to the Assyrian empire and conflates it with modern-day Iraq, although Assyrians are not the direct descendants of the Sumerians of Ur, nor are they the majority of inhabitants in modern-day Iraq. Modern Iraq is made up of people of many ethnicities, but ¾ of the population are Arabs, who are not Assyrians. Assyrians comprise at most 10% of the population of Iraq.