60 pages • 2 hours read
Charles GraeberA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Summary
Background
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Key Figures
Themes
Index of Terms
Literary Devices
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Following his attempt to die by suicide, Charlie finishes an outpatient program and is then questioned about Helen Dean’s death. He passes a lie detector test and finds a new job at Hunterdon Hospital, receiving references from his previous hospitals. He begins with a remarkably good record, starts dating a fellow nurse named Kathy, and is rewarded for his behavior. However, within a month of working at Hunterdon, he starts to make significant medical errors, receives reprimands, and over-lotions patients. He’s caught mis-administering drugs on multiple occasions and not marking these mistakes on patient charts. His supervisor issues him an ultimatum, which enrages him, and Charlie quits on the spot. Back at his apartment, he writes a scathing letter of resignation and is given permission to serve as a freelance nurse. He doesn’t show up to his assigned shifts and, when he receives a final termination letter from Hunterdon, sends another intense letter of protest that doesn’t receive a response.
After resigning from Hunterdon in October 1996, Charlie secures work at Morristown Memorial Hospital. He abuses patients and, although patients threaten to call authorities, Charlie is merely lectured. He continues mis-administering medicine and is fired within a year after failing to give heparin to a patient scheduled for surgery, which results in the patient’s death. Although he isn’t formally found culpable, he’s sent home for a week and avoids phone calls from the hospital until he’s fired. He writes a letter to appeal, but the decision is upheld, and he fakes an attempt to die by suicide. Emergency services take him to Warren Hospital, where the nurses gossip about him, and he refuses to give a blood sample. He fights the hospital staff and is taken to Greystone once again. When he’s released, he presses charges against the doctor who tried to draw his blood. He tries once again to appeal his termination at Morristown but never follows through.
Charlie applies for a Pennsylvania nursing license and a job at the Liberty Nursing and Rehabilitation Center in Pennsylvania. His past employers provide either neutral or positive references. Because of extensive debt, Charlie is desperate for an income. He poisons an elderly patient with insulin, and the patient dies several days later. Following an internal investigation, the center fires a nurse named Kimberly Pepe, who sues the hospital for wrongful termination and alleges Charlie’s culpability. They settle out of court, without any criminal investigation. The center transfers Charlie to intensive care, where he’s ultimately fired because of inappropriate drug protocol. However, he’s unemployed for only two days before a staffing agency finds him more work.
During the holiday season of 1998, Charlie works at Easton Hospital. There, he targets a patient named Ottomar Schramm, asking his daughter Kristina to leave his room while he administers drugs. Schramm’s condition initially worsens but improves with time. Kristina receives a phone call from her father’s general practitioner about unauthorized blood tests that reveal a high level of digoxin. Subsequent tests are ordered and confirm the findings, but Schramm dies overnight. Kristina is advised to request an autopsy. When she arrives at the hospital, Charlie escorts her to her father’s room and pressures her not to ask for an autopsy. However, two other nurses ask if she wants to request one, and she becomes confused and frustrated.
An internal investigation rules Schramm’s death accidental, and by March 1999 Charlie secures new employment at Lehigh Valley Hospital’s burn unit. They use Pyxis MedStation machines to dispense drugs, and Charlie enjoys learning how to manipulate the technology. He dislikes his coworkers, however, and ramps up his crimes to relieve stress. Ultimately, Charlie grows tired even of his intentional overdosing and tries to die by suicide through smoke inhalation. Police arrive, and he’s taken away by emergency services.
By April 2000, Charlie searches for new employment because of his disdain for the Lehigh nurses. He secures work at the highly reputed St. Luke’s Hospital, receiving neutral or positive recommendations from past employers. After he joins the staff, nurses notice an increase in codes. In addition, they find Charlie odd, especially his habit of hiding extra chairs from the lounge in different parts of the hospital.
In February 2001, Charlie tries to woo a fellow nurse by leaving her gifts, but when he reveals that he’s the one who left them for her, she grows uncomfortable. He dislikes working with male nurses, who are increasingly prevalent since his early years in nursing. An elderly, ailing patient is brought in. As a sign of his disdain for the lackadaisical behavior of the other male nurses, Charlie injects her IV bag with digoxin so that she’ll die quickly and he can go home.
Charlie learns new ways to manipulate the system to ensure his employment and hide his dangerous abuses of medicine. His receiving a new nursing license and ability to rely on past institutions for references make him immune to his crimes. The hospitals refuse to confess their suspicions about Charlie because that would make them culpable, and their lack of formal investigation hides his crimes. Charlie becomes protected—shielded from incrimination—by the institution he hates.
This section of the book highlights two aspects of Charlie’s character: his inability to form connections and his resistance to change brought about by external forces. He moves from hospital to hospital but has yet to make a close friend. His attempts at romantic connection are rejected, and veteran nurses are increasingly uncomfortable with his presence, increasing his isolation. This isolation spurs his cruelties because social stresses heighten until he takes it out on his patients. Repeatedly, Charlie accepts change only when he’s the one benefiting from it. He adapts to new work environments but shows immediate resistance to the presence of other male nurses or to firings that he claims to be unjust. This shows how much Charlie desires to be in control and how much he hates it when the normal components of life intrude on that control. He’s unable to cope with many of the natural parts of life, which further alienates him.
Importantly, that the author continues to underscore the uncertainties associated with Charlie’s crimes. While Graeber specifically names only the people that Charlie has been proven to have killed, underlying speculations pepper the text and are meant to build a quiet horror for what Charlie has done. These sporadic comments also help ground the narrative during some of Charlie’s more “sympathetic” moments, showcasing how a man who seemed awkward but harmless to his peers was capable of terrible crimes.
Books on U.S. History
View Collection
Challenging Authority
View Collection
Good & Evil
View Collection
Hate & Anger
View Collection
Health & Medicine
View Collection
Inspiring Biographies
View Collection
Mental Illness
View Collection
Mystery & Crime
View Collection
National Suicide Prevention Month
View Collection
Power
View Collection
Safety & Danger
View Collection
Sexual Harassment & Violence
View Collection
True Crime & Legal
View Collection
Truth & Lies
View Collection
YA Mystery & Crime
View Collection