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47 pages 1 hour read

Philip Pullman

The Golden Compass

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 1995

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Part 1, Chapters 5-9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “Oxford”

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary: “The Cocktail Party”

Lyra goes with Mrs. Coulter everywhere: to meetings at the Royal Arctic Institute, to lunches with sophisticated women, to shopping for their expedition north, and to the theater. In between all these happenings, Mrs. Coulter teaches Lyra the basics of geography and math. One day, when Mrs. Coulter tries to teach her about electrons, Lyra is eager to show that, even though she does not know a lot, she does know some things, so she brings up the Dust. Mrs. Coulter reacts strangely when Lyra brings it up and asks where she learned about it. Later, Pan tells Lyra that Mrs. Coulter’s dæmon had all his hair standing on end when Lyra brought up the Dust. Lyra explores her femininity by playing with Mrs. Coulter’s cosmetics and wearing lots of pretty outfits. Sometimes, she misses Roger, but she is so busy that there is always a distraction. Pan is getting frustrated that Mrs. Coulter keeps saying they are going north, but they still have yet to leave.

Mrs. Coulter takes Lyra to get her hair and make-up done properly, and she insists Lyra leave behind her shoulder bag. Lyra has been secretly keeping the alethiometer in the bag, and Pan reacts strongly in the form of a polecat. As Lyra stands up for herself, Mrs. Coulter’s dæmon pins Pan and hurts him. Lyra cries that Mrs. Coulter is hurting them, and Mrs. Coulter demands she obey. Her dæmon leaves Pan alone once Lyra agrees to put the purse away. Mrs. Coulter assures Lyra that in any confrontation, she will win, and then tells Lyra to kiss her.

Mrs. Coulter carries on preparing for the party as though nothing happened. Pan takes the form of a goldfinch and Lyra plays along as the guests start arriving. Lyra chats with some of the guests, who talk about particles that only adults attract and the Oblation Board’s function. As the man explaining this realizes Lyra is listening, he asks her if she is safe from the Oblation Board. Lyra insists she is safe from things like the Gobblers, and the man who asked her notes that is what some people have taken to calling the Oblation Board. Lyra wants to tell stories about the Gobblers, but the man continues talking about the General Oblation Board and the children used as sacrifices to study the Dust. He shoos Lyra off to go speak with Lord Boreal, but Lyra wants to talk to a young woman the man was trying to impress.

The young woman, a journalist named Adele Starminster with a butterfly dæmon, also wants to talk to Lyra. She asks Lyra about what it is like living with Mrs. Coulter, but Mrs. Coulter comes over and interrupts them. She threatens Adele and asks Lyra what the journalist wanted to know. Lyra tells a partial truth, and Mrs. Coulter tells Lyra to let her know about any other unwanted guests. Pan whispers in Lyra’s ear that Mrs. Coulter’s dæmon went into Lyra’s bedroom and learned about the alethiometer. Lyra wanders through the party since she cannot do much else and meets Lord Boreal. Lyra talks to him about the Oblation Board and the pictures of the particles she saw.

Lord Boreal thinks Lyra knows about what Mrs. Coulter is doing, and Lyra uses this to learn more. Lord Boreal reveals the children must be willing sacrifices in Mrs. Coulter’s experiment and that she is very talented at attracting young children. Lyra is instantly horrified and politely gets away with Pan. She wants to find Lord Asriel and talk to him about this, but she overhears he is imprisoned. Lyra is frightened, so she decides to run away with Pan during the party, taking the alethiometer with them.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary: “The Throwing Nets”

As Lyra wanders through London, Pan takes on the form of a wildcat. She enjoys being left to her own devices again but does not know London nearly as well as Oxford. She gets a coffee and sandwich from a man in a stall, and a man in a top hat with a lemur dæmon pays for it. The man tries to put a drop of whiskey in her coffee and asks her what she is doing alone. Lyra lies about her name, where she is going, and where she is from. She pretends her dad is a murderer, and he is walking toward them looking angry.

She walks until they find a canal basin with a little wooden hut. She peers inside at a man reading with his spaniel dæmon when Pan starts changing forms and becoming distressed because two men are running toward her with throwing nets. Their dæmons attack Pan while she is captured in the net. Tony Costa attacks the attackers with the help of some gyptian friends and frees Lyra. She carries Pan, who watches as the attackers’ dæmons vanish into the air. Tony urges her onto a boat with Ma Costa. Tony tells of the Gobblers who tried to snatch Lyra. Ma Costa gives Lyra her missing son Billy’s bed to sleep in.

When Lyra gets up the next day, they are on the Grand Junction Canal, and Ma Costa warns Lyra to stay below deck because there is trouble. Men bang around on the deck and yell, but eventually, the boat continues moving. Tony wants to know why Lyra ran away because whoever is after her is more than Gobblers. Lyra explains about Mrs. Coulter and the cocktail party. Tony interrupts to add that he knows what the Gobblers are doing; he claims they are eating kids, but Lyra disagrees.

Tony continues his version with a story about the Nalkainens, which are headless ghosts of half-dead children that wander the forests. Tony calls them the Breathless Ones and says the Tartars rip out their lungs, but they stay alive. He also mentions the panserbjørn, the armored bears; Lyra eagerly adds what she knows about them, and that they have imprisoned Lord Asriel. Tony says they managed to catch a Gobbler and got them to talk: They learned the children are being taken up north, and John Faa, the king of the gyptians, wants to rescue them. Lyra wants to come to rescue Roger and Lord Asriel.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary: “John Faa”

Ma Costa puts Lyra to work on the boat, and Lyra feels useful now that she is working toward a purpose. Lyra hides below deck in a secret compartment whenever their boat is searched because the gyptians know that Lyra is important. Lyra enjoys listening to the Fen-Dutch tales of the gyptians, but Ma Costa points out Lyra is not a water person like them even though she fits in to some extent and knows their language; Lyra is a fire person. Lyra is offended by this at first, but Ma Costa tells her it is a good thing. Lyra attends the Roping with John Faa, where they intend to settle their course of action over the missing children. John Faa addresses rumors of a child being sought for money by the police and acknowledges this is true, that they are after Lyra and have offered money. He warns everyone against turning her over, as her place is with them. John Faa urges them to move to action by preparing a band of fighters and heading north. A man, Raymond von Gerrit, raises his hand to ask if they are going to free all the children, including the landloper kids, or just the gyptians. John Faa dismisses the question as ridiculous, that they will of course save all the kids. He calls a vote, and they all rally. He dismisses them, and Lyra asks Ma Costa about the people at the Roping.

Lyra approaches John Faa, addressing him respectfully as Lord Faa the way Tony tells her to, and thanks him. Lyra sits at a table with John Faa and Farder Coram, the head of another gyptian household, and has drinks. She tells them her story about the Oblation Board, the pictures of the Dust, Roger, and Mrs. Coulter. When John Faa asks if she ever heard the Dust called anything else, Lyra stumbles over the word, and Farder Coram realizes she means the Aurora. She tells them about the city in the sky. Lyra is worried that she is in trouble for her earlier mischief. Lord Faa tells her what they know about her: Her father is Lord Asriel, and Mrs. Coulter is her mother.

Lyra shows John Faa the alethiometer, and Farder Coram explains to John Faa what it does. Lyra confides that she thinks Mrs. Coulter knows about the alethiometer. John Faa reveals that their eyes on the inside protecting Lyra—the pastry cook, Bernie Johansen, the Master, and the scholars at Jordan College—had always looked after her out of love. He suggests that maybe Lyra was meant to bring the alethiometer back to Lord Asriel to make up for the fact that the Master had tried to poison him. Lyra also learns that when she was a baby, Ma Costa was the one who nursed her. After their talk, Lyra goes to bed, and Ma Costa gives her a hug and kisses her.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary: “Frustration”

Lyra struggles to adjust to the idea that Mrs. Coulter is her mother, but she distracts herself by telling stories and playing games with the gyptian children. In her alone time, she tries to read the alethiometer, asking it questions. Lyra sits with Costas at the next Roping, where they discuss their preparations for their trip to save the children in the north from the Gobblers. One man tells the group that the police are turning houses upside down looking for Lyra and that their passage may be blocked. John Faa reminds them of their duty to Lyra, especially because of her father, Lord Asriel, who did so much good for their people. They do not intend to bring Lyra, and Lyra complains to Tony that she also wants to go north. She takes it on herself to go to John Faa’s room and ask to go north, but John Faa refuses to let her come because he does not want to put her in danger. He tells her she can help by keeping Ma Costa safe. She says she is learning to read alethiometer and wants to help, but John Faa is firmer this time: She cannot come with them. When they close the door behind her, Lyra swears to Pan they will go.

Part 1, Chapter 9 Summary: “The Spies”

Lyra talks to Farder Coram about the books used to decode the alethiometer and shares her progress in reading it. One of the boys, Jacob, is back and is injured, and he tells them one of them is dead and another is captured. They were trying to break into the Ministry of Theology. John Faa decides to let Lyra come since she is learning to read the alethiometer, and Jacob dies. He warns her it will be very dangerous. For the next two weeks, they prepare for their trip, and she hides when she needs to. She practices reading the alethiometer with Farder Coram. They have been on their journey for a long time, and Lyra wants to get some fresh air. Farder Coram lets her above deck for a few minutes, but soon after she emerges, droning flying beetles attack Pan. Pan catches one of them and holds it down. Lyra carries the beetle carefully in the tillerman’s mug. Lyra learns it is a clockwork bug with a spell in its heart sent by Mrs. Coulter to spy on them. John Faa delivers the sad news of Jack Verhoeven’s death and his boys’ kidnapping. He learns of the clockwork beetle and reminds them all to stay vigilant. Because Lyra is the only female on board, she gets her own room. Pan feels ill on the boat, and Lyra lies down to comfort him as they begin their journey north.

Part 1, Chapters 5-9 Analysis

Lyra’s character has significant development in this section. While she may initially seem like a precocious child with a penchant for trouble, she reveals herself to be attuned to the undercurrents of social and cultural norms. For example, in the first section, Lyra could appear careless when she touches the coins in the tombs, but in this section, she shows respect for other cultures, like when she refers to the gyptians’ leader as “Lord John Faa.” Lyra does not defer to others out of obligatory respect though, which she demonstrates at the cocktail party. She only shows true deference and respect to those whom she trusts. In other cases, she interacts in ways that will help her get by, like when she engages in polite conversation with people at the party who ask her uncomfortable questions, or when she is approached by a strange man on the street.

The theme of Clear Perception and Truth in Children continues to develop in this section as Lyra has a keen sense of who to trust and who not to, like when she is drawn to the journalist Adele Starminster, who Mrs. Coulter ejects from the cocktail party. As this theme becomes more prominent, the tone of the quest also shifts from free-spirited adventure to a more somber journey that has clear stakes, like the loss of Jacob, and threats from many sides. The Risks of the Quest theme emerges as plot events force Lyra to rely more on her wit and survival skills to get by rather than her whims. This increase in tension makes it clear that Lyra is no longer in the fun and games part of the hero’s journey, and the path forward may not be so linear or easy.

Despite how challenging the journey has been so far, Lyra finds people to support her along the way, like Ma Costa, who acts as a foil to Mrs. Coulter. While Lyra’s biological mother Mrs. Coulter demonstrates a surface-level love of Lyra that goes as far as Lyra is willing to obey her, Ma Costa embodies true love for Lyra even when Lyra misbehaves. Ma Costa, who even nursed Lyra in her infancy, has always been there for Lyra even when the young girl did not know it, and though Ma Costa appears tough on the outside, she is caring on the inside. Conversely, Mrs. Coulter is outwardly charming but equally as cruel when given the chance, like when her dæmon attacks Pan. Mrs. Coulter has been totally absent from Lyra’s life while she pursues her own political ends. A sense of found family shapes Lyra’s outlook on the world, and because she’s traveling on a dangerous journey with people she loves in search of her friend, the stakes are even higher.

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