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134 pages 4 hours read

Ruta Sepetys

The Fountains of Silence: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2019

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Chapters 8-16Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 8 Summary

Ana visits the workshop where Julia works as a seamstress, sewing gemstones onto the outfits for matadors. Ana hates the way her sister looks: “Julia’s face, thirsty of color, needs rest and sun. Julia has a new baby girl, just four months old. The baby is not yet strong. Neither is Julia” (36). Julia and her husband Antonio are saving money to move from Vallecas to Lavapies. Where they currently live in Vallecas, four adults and a newborn share a single dark room.

Ana tells Julia about Daniel and the magazine she saw, but Julia reminds her that what she saw in the magazine does not apply to Ana; it is not what life is like for young women in Spain. Julia tells her to avoid speaking to the guests, but Ana reminds her that being conversational is part of her job. Julia advises her to “ask questions” but “not to answer any” (38).

Following the chapter are excerpts from both the Semanario Sección Femenina, the women’s section of Falangist policy, concerning rules for women; and from Formación Político Social, a textbook. Both direct women to be subordinate to men. 

Chapter 9 Summary

Daniel and his family have dinner with Shep Van Dorn, the U.S. public affairs officer for the U.S. embassy in Spain, and Van Dorn’s son, Nick. Shep introduces Daniel to Ben Stahl, a reporter.

At first, Ben mocks Daniel as the privileged son of an oil baron who has an expensive camera and dreams about winning a Pulitzer. Then, Daniel reveals he’s the finalist for the Magnum prize, which impresses both Ben and Nick.

Another oral history excerpt follows this chapter, this time from William K. Hitchcock, the special assistant to the U.S. Ambassador in Madrid from 1956-1960. Hitchcock discusses Spain’s willingness to allow military bases to be built in Spain as part of an “unexpressed” desire to help Spain’s “political rehabilitation” and “help burnish Franco’s image” (45). However, Hitchcock notes, many in the United States were strongly against the deal between Spain and the U.S.

Chapter 10 Summary

Puri works in the orphanage and “longs to be a good Spaniard, to support the noble country El Caudillo fought so hard to build” (47). The children who live at the Inclusa arrive in many ways. Some of the babies are abandoned anonymously with no information, though others have notes pinned to their clothes or blankets.

Some babies are brought “in through the back door” by the nuns or doctors (48). When Puri asked about them once, she was scolded for her curiosity. As Puri leaves for the day, a woman on the sidewalk accosts her, asking about her baby, who was born two days before.

Chapter 11 Summary

At dinner, Ben repeatedly asks Daniel to capture the mood of the room in one word, telling him that “accurate reporting” requires “the perfect word” which “captures every subtlety. The perfect word shows true comprehension” (49-50).

Nick tells Daniel he should rent a car so that they can be own their own; he thinks that with Daniel’s connections, they will all have a grand time. Daniel is confused, but Nick explains that obviously, Daniel’s father has connections: Mr. Matheson will be meeting with Franco to close the oil deal.

Chapter 12 Summary

Daniel’s mother asks Daniel if he wants to go to Valencia with her and Daniel’s father, or stay at the hotel. She then asks Ana for a variety of services, including showing Daniel where the camera shop is. Not overly excited about the other errands, Daniel is eager to develop his pictures: “The sooner his pictures are developed, the sooner he’ll see if he has a contest entry, a worthwhile story of his own, and—most important—a potential exit from oil” (54).

Chapter 13 Summary

On the elevator, Daniel takes a picture of the elevator’s mirrored walls, which reflect Ana from multiple angles. He meets Paco Lobo, whom Ana introduces as the “hotel’s most cherished guest” because he supports “two orphan girls” and has “recently adopted an entire village” (56).

Daniel asks Ana about working at the hotel, but she quickly changes the subject and asks about his camera. Ana introduces him to the bellboy, Carlitos, and to Lorenza, an attractive maid who reminds Daniel of Laura Beth.

Chapter 14 Summary

Rafa asks Julia if he can borrow a suit for Fuga to wear as a matador. Julia resists, but she knows Rafa is unstoppable: “He watches, quietly gathers pieces, and puts things together. But many pieces are still missing. The Crows carry pieces of her brother in their pocket. And he is desperate to win them back” (62). Rafa explains that Fuga was the bravest of all the boys in their home. Even his name, Fuga, means “escape”; each time he ran away, the directors punished him, but he never stopped trying to escape. Fuga helped Rafa find his courage, and Rafa feels he owes Fuga a debt.

Julia agrees to ask her boss, but only if Rafa will warn Ana again about the danger that could befall “a gorgeous young woman surrounded by a fairy tale” (62). Rafa says that Ana is smarter than both of them and does not need his advice. He reminds Julia that what happened to Ana the previous year wasn’t her fault. Julia knows Rafa is right, but wonders if Ana is hiding something. Both Rafa and Julia realize that of course Ana is hiding something; in Franco’s Spain, everyone hides something.

Chapter 15 Summary

Ana and Daniel go to the camera shop, which is run by Ana’s friend Miguel. While Miguel is impressed with Daniel’s camera, Ana is both appalled and saddened to discover that the camera is worth $300, or 18,000 pesetas. The camera is worth more than most Spaniards can earn in five years, enough to eliminate Ana’s family’s debts and allow them to live in financial freedom.

Daniel shows Miguel and Ana some of the pictures Daniel took in Texas, including one of a tornado as well as a photo of a party. Ana notes “the vibrancy of freedom” it depicts, where people are “happy instead of lonely” (67).

Chapter 16 Summary

At the orphanage, Puri plays with the children, who have been taken outside for sun exposure to prevent rickets. Puri is proud of the “rigorous” medical care offered at the Inclusa. She has also overhead some of the doctors “lament that mortality rates of newborns in Spain are particularly high” (69). One of the other women was reprimanded for asking why Spain doesn’t use the new polio vaccine.

Puri looks at the children and admires their beauty. She wishes she were beautiful like her cousins Julia and Ana, but is also grateful that unlike her cousins, her parents were not “Spanish Republicans” who, Puri learned in school, “killed many priests during the war” (71).

Chapters 8-16 Analysis

These chapters introduce new characters: Rafa and Ana’s older sister, Julia (first mentioned by Ana in Chapter 2), and Nick and Shep Van Dorn. Julia wants her family to keep their heads down and survive. Both the eldest and a realist, Julia has strong memories of the war and its consequences. She does not agree with the oppression suffered by the Spanish people, but unlike Rafa and Ana, she has no plans to act. Later chapters will reveal that Julia and her husband have experienced a shattering personal loss. Julia chooses to cope with that loss by not asking too many questions.

The Van Dorns, like Daniel, represent the attitudes of the United States toward Spain in this era. Shep is the quintessential politician, with a knack for making others like him; he also possesses useful insider knowledge. Both Shep and Nick are less naïve than Daniel and more polished.

Puri’s section begins to flesh out the central controversy of the book and one that still resonates today: the lost children of Francoism. Maternity clinics and hospitals stole newborn babies from poor or Republican families and sold them to wealthy couples. This practice began as soon as Franco came to power and continued into the late 1980s. Puri represents the Spanish who were unaware of the practice; although she is depicted as very naïve, if not downright slow, even she is aware that something untoward is happening.

Puri has genuine love and affection for the children in the Inclusa. As someone who has been fed government propaganda from childhood, she knows events seem unusual, but she struggles to overthrow accepted truth, even when it’s challenged by events in front of her eyes. Like many Franco loyalists, she knows evil occurs and chooses to cling to a sunnier story. Like anyone faced with either confronting or ignoring evil, she has to make a choice: either do something about what she’s seen or rationalize it so she can continue to work within the system. It is evil, obviously, to kidnap someone’s child and tell them that the child died. The lives these poor or politically disadvantaged children would face otherwise, however, would be difficult and dangerous: Many would die because of a lack of food or medical care. Many in Puri’s situation told themselves the children would have better lives anyway, and thus justified their part in the kidnappings. In the chapters that follow, Puri will have to choose her path.

Sister Hortensia’s sharp rebuke of the young woman who asked why Spain does not use the new polio vaccine confuses Puri. Sister Hortensia claims that other countries require vaccines because they lack the faith to pray disease away. Puri eventually learns to keep her questions to herself, but that does not squelch her curiosity. It only serves to make her feel guilty and fearful.

Daniel soon forgets his worries while exploring Madrid with Ana. They get along well, and converse easily in both English and Spanish. Daniel does most of the talking, as Ana tries to follow Julia’s advice, asking many questions but answering none. For Ana, this outing is enjoyable but fraught—she must walk a fine line between doing her job and revealing too much, either about herself or about the situation in Spain.

Daniel’s memories of his high school journalism project about the desegregation of the Dallas bus system indicates that Daniel is brave and will fight for what he believes in. Ana is genuinely interested in his photography and clearly comfortable with Daniel in a way she is not with his mother or even with other hotel employees—particularly Lorenza, a girl who physically resembles someone who broke up with Daniel back in Texas. 

The narrative has not yet revealed what happened to Ana the previous year. Whatever it was, her family does not blame her for it, and Julia is tormented by regrets. She wonders, “could they have protected her somehow?” (63). The relationships Julia has with both Rafa and Ana are based on love, not a desire to control—and are the opposite of what Puri experiences. Puri’s mother is possibly, like Julia with Ana, being protective, but she believes that the things she has learned, the things she has seen, and even the things she doesn’t understand can all be explained by fascism. Totalitarian governments try to control not only their citizens’ behaviors and beliefs but also their very thoughts. The government tricks citizens into thinking they have control and then derides them for their failures. 

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