46 pages • 1 hour read
China MiévilleA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Inspector Tyador Borlú of the Extreme Crime Squad (ECS) investigates the murder of a young woman whose body was discovered in an abandoned industrial park. He interrogates the four teenage “chewers” (drug users) who found the body and orders them taken in for further questioning. Shukman, the forensic pathologist, arrives and deduces that the victim was killed elsewhere, the body dumped in the park after. He finds a deep laceration across her face and jaw and wounds on her chest. Borlú and his unit speculate that the woman was a sex worker killed by a “cocky, stupid sadist” (9). The local constable, Lizbyet Corwi, however, notices small details that suggest the woman may not have been a sex worker. Realizing she can offer a valuable perspective, Borlú assigns her to the case. As he departs the crime scene, he is besieged by the press, but he defers all questions until later. He then notices an old woman in the distance, and with a start, he realizes that she is on a different street altogether and that “[he] should not have seen her” (14).
Borlú takes a tram to the ECS Centre. He calls Corwi and asks if it’s possible they’re dealing with a case of breach. She believes it’s unlikely. Another officer informs Borlú that the teenagers have been interrogated but their memories are sketchy. They remember a van pulling into the park, stopping briefly, and speeding away. Hoping to scavenge something the van may have left behind, the chewers investigated the scene and found the body.
Corwi takes Borlú through the Besźel neighborhood where the body was found. They show the victim’s picture to the local sex workers and “entry-level gangsters,” but no one recognizes her. Later, Borlú visits Shukman for his coroner’s report: The victim suffered head trauma before being stabbed to death. There are no defensive wounds, suggesting she was attacked unawares. Otherwise the report offers nothing definitive.
Borlú walks to ECS headquarters when he receives a call that they’ve found the van in question but no murder weapon. However, blood stains in the van match the victim’s, and they soon locate the van’s owner, Mikyael Khurusch, a man with a prior record of assault and solicitation. He is brought in for questioning, but he claims the van was stolen, and he has an alibi with witnesses to corroborate his story. Thus far, they have an unidentified woman, a stolen van filled with junk, and no murder weapon.
Posted photographs of the victim yield no results. Later that evening, Borlú receives an anonymous call from a man with a “foreign accent” who claims to have information about the case. He is calling from Ul Qoma, a city-state sharing the same physical space as Besźel. The victim’s name, he says, was Marya, and she was involved in underground, extremist politics. He directs Borlú to “look at the cells. The radicals. Someone’ll know who she is” (43). This case, Borlú realizes, could involve “breach.” If so, pursuing it would be in violation of a long-standing “existential protocol.” Wanting to follow the caller’s lead, but discreetly, he calls Corwi and suggests they pursue “dissident” suspects (Nazis, reds, “unificationists”).
Borlú reflects on the divergent language and history of the two cities. Corwi calls. Her investigation into extremist groups—whose common goal is the unification of the two cities—has yielded results. He meets Corwi and Pall Drodin, leader of the local chapter of the Besźqoma Solidarity Front. Borlú mentions Breach, a taboo subject, which angers Corwi, who doesn’t want to spook their informant. Drodin leads them to his headquarters in an old warehouse. He tells them the victim’s name was Byela Mar, “an obvious, and elegantly punning, pseudonym” roughly translating as nothing worth noting (57). She was mostly interested in their library, he claims, which contained banned books about the history of the two cities. Over time, however, she angered other members, so Drodin told her to leave. She was obsessed with Orciny, a mythical third city that, some believe, lies between the other two and “runs things.” However, the origins of Orciny—if real—persist only as fables. Beyla was snooping around in “dangerous shit,” Drodin claims, and she ultimately crossed over to Ul Qoma. He is not surprised she was killed.
Borlú and Corwi speculate that this case could involve Breach, and they debate whether to turn over the case to a higher authority. The higher authority, however, won’t hear the case for several days; currently they are focused on the “refugee camps.” Corwi contacts Ul Qoma law enforcement and finds information about the murder victim, whose real name is Mahalia Geary.
China Miéville begins the narrative in media res and with very little exposition. His first-person narrator and protagonist, Tyador Borlú, makes liberal use of undefined jargon—breach, crosshatching, unseeing—further obscuring the way his fictional world operates. Some concrete details do emerge, however. Inspector Tyador Borlú of the Extreme Crime Squad lives and works in Besźel, a fictional city co-existing side-by-side with Ul Qoma, another city occupying the same physical space.
Like most of the details of this strange world, the idea that two distinct cities can exist in the same space is simply taken for granted. Miéville is less interested in explaining how his world works than in using it to comment on ours. The strict demarcation between Besźel and Ul Qoma introduce the key theme of Borders as Social and Arbitrary Constructs. Most characters regard the borders between these cities as inviolate, failing to see them for what they really are: random lines drawn by humans on a map. Despite the arbitrary nature of these borders, they are very real, giving rise to different cultures, languages, and a prohibition so ingrained that it governs every moment of waking life.
According to this prohibition, residents of each city may not look at the other, and to peer too long into the other city is a serious crime with severe consequences. The cities are clearly visible to each other, making this task seemingly impossible, yet, by and large, the characters manage to do it. They have been trained from a young age to ignore what is right in front of them—Borlú recalls “play[ing] Breach” as a child—and over time they have grown accustomed to it, perhaps even comfortable with it. Through this extreme narrative conceit Miéville comments on real-world “Unseeing” and Willful Blindness, or the human capacity to ignore that which is forbidden, undesirable, or discomfiting—even when it exists in plain sight. “Unseeing” is one of the chief ways Miéville uses the speculative genre to highlight real-world issues.
Although Besźel is fictional, there are similarities to the contemporary world. The crumbling infrastructure and outdated technology suggest a post-war, Eastern bloc nation. Even the street names sound vaguely German (“GunterStrász”). Miéville also makes specific passing references to our world: Turkey, Ataturk, Islam, Harry Potter. These references ground the narrative somewhat in reality, suggesting that the fictional world, as fantastical as it may seem, exists on a continuum with our own.
References to “Breach” imply both an action and some kind of authoritarian bureaucracy. The term is used in several contexts, none of them clearly defined yet. It may refer to crossing between cities or even to the dissolution of whatever barrier—physical or existential—divides them. Borlú and Corwi also use the term as a noun: “Breach are normally merciful” (66). Whatever Breach is, the characters speak of it in hushed and fearful tones, suggesting it is some omnipotent entity (Corwi and Borlú both report feeling “watched”). Thus far, Miéville’s world is amorphous and bizarre, but not entirely alien.
By China Miéville
Appearance Versus Reality
View Collection
Books on Justice & Injustice
View Collection
Fantasy
View Collection
Fear
View Collection
Horror, Thrillers, & Suspense
View Collection
Mystery & Crime
View Collection
Nation & Nationalism
View Collection
Order & Chaos
View Collection
Politics & Government
View Collection
Science Fiction & Dystopian Fiction
View Collection
The Best of "Best Book" Lists
View Collection
TV Shows Based on Books
View Collection