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45 pages 1 hour read

Walter Farley

The Black Stallion

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1941

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Themes

Contrasts Uniting for A Common Purpose

The Black Stallion is a book of contrasts. Alec begins by leaving one highly populated place—Bombay, India—in anticipation of disembarking in another—New York City. Instead, he ends up on an island where he is the only human being. When working with the Black, Alec partners with the retired Henry and the even older Jake in a contrast of a young boy bonding with older men. Napoleon, a draft horse who has never known a day of freedom, becomes the stablemate of the Black, who refuses to be tamed or constrained. Such contrasts are the framework of the novel.

The starkest contrast Farley draws, however, is between what is tame and what is wild. Alec, courteous and dutiful, is a tame person. Indeed, almost every human being in the story is tame in that they are extremely civil and cooperative. The few somewhat wild humans—a panicked passenger on the Drake, rowdies who want to see the Mystery Horse—suffer in Farley’s descriptions. Contrasted against these tame humans is a perpetually wild animal. The Black cooperates, but only with Alec. The Black’s docile relationship with Alec should not be mistaken for growing domestication, as Farley’s characters are quickly reminded that the Black is not and will not be tamed. Jake remarks that the Black will always be wild. Henry tells Mr. Ramsay that only Alec can ride the wild horse.

Farley wants to engage his readers with how the tame and the wild, embodied by Alec and the Black, move tentatively toward one another. As the story progresses, Alec becomes increasingly untamed with his own actions, such as sneaking the horse to Belmont Park at night and riding him full speed in the dark. The wild Black moves toward the tame Alec, even allowing Alec to coax him out of attacking Sun Raider at the starting gate. The ultimate moment of wild and tame merging is highlighted when Alec slaps the Black in the final moments of the race, urging the horse to speed past Sun Raider rather than fight him. Farley implies that, in future times, the growing untamed confidence in Alec will merge with the growing trust in the Black for even greater accomplishments.

Great Rewards Come From Great Risks

Farley depicts Alec as the embodiment of a risk taker. Alec comes by this naturally, he travels by boat alone across two oceans to spend the summer with his uncle, and then sails home. Alec invariably jumps at the chance to take difficult, often dangerous risks. Instead of waiting for a lifeboat, he rushes to release the trapped Black. Alec pulls away from the Irish crew on the desert island, refusing to leave without the stallion, then risks diving beneath the flailing horse to cinch him. Throughout the novel, he approaches the horse to calm him when he is out of control.

More than once, Alec pays for his decisions. In releasing the horse, Alec is knocked off the ship into the raging ocean. While trying to bring the Black aboard the rescue ship, Alec’s leg is severely injured. Training the Black in darkness at Belmont, the reins bloody Alec’s hands. On another ride, he faints, and the adults place him on the track to recover. A total novice racing the greatest horses of the day, Alec slides sideways at the beginning of the match race and nearly loses his mount.

While many of Alec’s risky decisions have immediately painful, negative consequences, Farley points out that the ultimate rewards of each justify them. When the Black pushes Alec into the ocean, he becomes the only human survivor of the shipwreck. His late-night rides at Belmont, always dangerous and physically demanding, convince adults to intervene and get the Black into the match race. Farley intentionally depicts Alec, a boy from a genial, docile background, as someone who makes miraculous, exciting, and life-changing accomplishments because he is willing to take risks. The author contrasts Alec, who plays high speed tag with the Black in the meadow, with Whiff and Bill, his risk-averse friends, linger fearfully in the barn, as if to say, “Nothing ventured, nothing gained.”

The Adventure Is Just Beginning

Farley begins the narrative with what most people in Alec’s position would consider the end of an adventure: he is sailing home after spending the summer riding horses in Bombay. Alec quickly learns his exciting summer is only the prelude to many greater adventures. From surviving the shipwreck, to escaping the island, to bringing the Black to New York, to riding at breakneck speed in the pitch darkness at Belmont, and challenging champion racehorses in a match race, Alec lives multiple adventures, each complimenting and building up to the next. Farley wants readers to know that even the end of the book does not mean the end of the adventure. He hints at this when Alec refuses to sell the Black to the owner of Cyclone, saying, “You’re going to be hearing a lot more about this fella” (197).

Farley opens multiple avenues for sequels in the narrative and he took advantage of them. He wrote more than 20 Black Stallion and directly derivative titles, greatly expanding the Black’s backstory as well as the stories of his offspring. Nearing the end of his life, Farley included his son, Stephen, as co-author of his last Black Stallion sequel. Clearly, the author intended for the adventures of the Black Stallion to continue even after his creator’s death. Farley’s ultimate goal in authoring all the books was not to see how far he could milk a creative idea. Rather, he intended to demonstrate the truth of a life-lesson from the original book: one may think an adventure is over when it is really just beginning.

The Wilderness Within

The Black Stallion is a “coming of age” story that follows a series of extraordinary events that prompt a boy to become a young man. Beneath the “boys’ adventure book” surface of the text, however, lies something more powerful and profound. Farley demonstrates that the story of the New York schoolboy tracks with the story of the mysterious, powerful, unpredictable force the boy simply calls “Black.” In bringing these two together and intertwining their stories, Farley demonstrates that they are one. The appearance of the wild stallion in his life represents Alec’s emerging adolescence.

Just as Alec must learn how to deal with the Black, compensating for his wild nature and searching for ways to acclimate him to the civilized world, Farley asserts that all boys must learn to cope with the unknown, unexpected changes forced upon them as they mature. Henry and Jake, who offer assurance and encouragement to Alec, represent different generations of boys who came before Alec and learned the lessons he struggles with now. Farley’s message to the emerging young men enduring the confusing voyage of becoming adults is: Consider this an ongoing adventure, hold on tight, and endure the wild ride.

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