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62 pages 2 hours read

Elif Shafak

The Bastard of Istanbul

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2006

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Chapters 4-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 4 Summary: “Roasted Hazelnuts”

It is Asya Kazanci’s nineteenth birthday. The only thing she hates more than birthdays is the sugary “triple-layer carmelized apple cake with [sour] whipped lemon cream frosting” that she gets every year (60). Birthdays are significant, however, in that they mark instances when Asya learned something new about life and herself. At age 8, Grandma Gülsüm let it slip that Asya is a “bastard.” At 10, Asya realized that there were no men in her household. At 18, she tried to commit suicide; her aunts and Petite Ma saved her. Now, she realizes that she’s reached the age that her mother, Zeliha, was when she gave birth to her. 

The family is not only unique for comprising only women but also for their peculiar occupations. Auntie Banu works from home as a fortune-teller. To prove that she’s a true dervish, she “[abandons] all worldly vanities, just like the dervishes had done in the past” (66). She retires to her room, emerging only to eat bread, drink water, and use the toilet. When customers can’t pay, she asks them for a handful of hazelnuts, leading to their nicknaming her “Mother Hazelnut” or “Sheikh Hazelnut.” 

Meanwhile, Zeliha opened a tattoo parlor 10 years earlier. She’s developed a collection of designs that address heartache. Her customers bring in a picture of a former love; Zeliha finds an animal whom the beloved resembles, and tattoos the likeness onto the body of the heartbroken customer. This shamanic practice externalizes the ex-lover and debases them as animals, which allows the customer to feel superior to them, thereby leading to the former lover’s loss of appeal.

Zeliha observes her daughter refusing the traditional cake and assumes that it’s because Asya is afraid of gaining weight. Auntie Feride then enters with “a big ball of meat and an even bigger ball of dough,” meaning that there will be manti (Turkish dumplings) for dinner (74). Asya reminds them that she’s a vegetarian, but her aunts ignore her. Auntie Banu goes further, reminding her of the poor who would never eat red meat if not “for the alms benevolent Muslims give them during the Feast of Sacrifice” (74). Asya shrieks that she lives in “a nuthouse,” then exits to go to her ballet class.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Vanilla”

A group of intellectuals gather at Café Kundera in Istanbul. They talk intently about the origins of the café’s name. The Dipsomaniac Cartoonist, who presides over the group, offers that the establishment’s usage of Milan Kundera’s name may be code for boredom. He sits a table with his friends—the Nonnationalist Scenarist of Ultranationalist Movies and his latest dull girlfriend, The Closeted Gay Columnist (his surly attitude toward the Dipsomaniac Cartoonist masks a secret crush), The Exceptionally Untalented Poet, and the Dipsomaniac Cartoonist’s more talented wife. 

Asya Kazanci enters in a huff over her family. She announces to the group that it’s her birthday and appreciates how no one “[tries] to hug her or suffocate her with kisses” (88). Instead, The Exceptionally Untalented Poet reads her a bad poem, and The Dipsomaniac Cartoonist’s wife draws a caricature of her as an ill-tempered young woman with a large bust and a wild shock of hair. Finally, the group covers her share of the bill. 

Back at the Kazanci konak, it’s 9:00 o’clock at night and Asya is blowing out the candles on the unwanted carmelized cake. Auntie Feride asks how her ballet class went. Asya lies and says that she learned new moves and explains them by their French names. Everyone is impressed and convinced, except for Zeliha, who demands that Asya show them what she has practiced. Asya complies. She rises from the table and positions herself so that she is “romantically poised” while “her mind [swirls] with rage and resentment” (90).

Chapter 6 Summary: “Pistachios”

In San Francisco, Armanoush Tchakhmakchian is preparing for a date with Matt Hassinger, a law student, though she would much rather stay home in bed with the books that she’s just purchased from A Clean Well-Lighted Place for Books. She selected two from her favorite author, Milan Kundera—The Book of Laughter and Forgetting and Life Is Elsewhere.  

Armanoush is a bookworm. Both her mother, Rose, who calls incessantly from Tucson, and her Armenian aunts worry that her bookishness will frighten away potential suitors, who may be overwhelmed by both Armanoush’s striking beauty and strong intellect. The Tchakhmakchians also have lingering memories of the persecution of intellectuals in Armenia. 

Armanoush’s aunts help her dress for the date and serves her ekmek khadayif (Turkish bread pudding) so that her breath “will smell of pistachios” (102) and not like the pungent garlic in the manti (Turkish dumplings) that they’re serving for dinner. Her father, Barsam, arrives before her date, as apprehensive as his sisters about the mystery man.

Matt arrives at 7:32pm, dressed in a “dark brown lambskin blazer and Ralph Lauren honeydew pants” (105). He holds “a huge bouquet of crimson tulips in his left hand, [smiles] at Armanoush, then [notices] the audience in the background” (106). The family overwhelms him with their curiosity, but Matt and Armanoush finally make it out of the house at 7:45 and head to the restaurant, Skewed Window, where they will have dinner. Matt drives a red Suzuki Verona. 

Skewed Window is popular with “urban intellectuals and artists” who appreciate the creations of the Dutch chef—a failure at becoming both a philosopher and a painter—who rematerializes abstract art through cuisine (107). Armanoush eats tuna tartare modeled on Francesco Boretti’s The Blind Whore, while Matt has a rib-eye with hot mustard cream sauce based on one of Mark Rothko’s color-field paintings, Untitled.

On the way back home, Armanoush spots one of her favorite books in the window of City Lights Bookstore: A Tomb for Boris Davidovich. She describes the story to Matt, and gives him a brief overview of Eastern European literature, all the while thinking about breaking her promise to her mother not to discuss books with men, at least not on the first date. 

When they reach Grandma Shushan’s door, they exchange a polite kiss, which confirms for Armanoush that she will not fall in love with Matt. Just then, he puts an arm around her and notes how she smells “just like pistachios” (111). Armanoush enters her grandmother’s house at 11:15 and finds the living room “dark and empty” (111). Armanoush takes an apple from a plate on the table and nibbles it while she thinks of how she will soon have to return to Arizona and “her mother’s encapsulating universe” (111). She likes San Francisco but feels that something is missing within her, making the city feel somehow lackluster. 

She goes to her room, slips on a pair of silk pajamas, and logs in to the chat room Café Constantinople. She goes to the Anoush Tree—a forum for those with intellectual interests. There, under the nickname Madame My-Exiled-Soul, inspired by Zabel Yessaian—“the only woman novelist the Young Turks put on their death list in 1915”—Armanoush talks to other Armenians about how the Turks have denied the genocide (113). She’s particularly fascinated by messages from Baron Baghdassarian, a fellow grandchild of genocide survivors. He introduces her to Janissary’s Paradox—the feeling of being torn between clashing cultures and burdened by the pain of history. 

During her online chat, Armanoush realizes what she needs to do: go to Istanbul for 10 days during her spring break and discover her “Armenianness” (119). She won’t tell her family; her father will think that she’s in Arizona and her mother will think that she’s still in San Francisco. Her friends in the chat room support her decision, as does Baron Baghdassarian, who implores her to take care of herself and not to let the Turks treat her badly.

Chapters 4-6 Analysis

These chapters show how both Asya and Armanoush struggle to establish senses of individuality in overbearing and traditional families. Asya’s assertion that she’s a vegetarian is not only a rejection of her traditional cuisine, but also a subtle way of trying to distinguish herself from her family. Both Asya and Armanoush have separate communities outside of their close-knit clans: Asya goes to her social circle at Café Kundera to escape from the meddling and sentimentality that she abhors about her family, while Armanoush retreats online into Café Constantinople, where she can more fully embrace the intellectual identity that her mother and aunts encourage her to shun. 

Asya and Armanoush share numerous traits and desires in common. Shafak establishes these similarities before the girls meet, setting up the understanding that the two are destined for each other and will naturally become friends. Both girls are intellectuals living in environments in which women are discouraged from high-minded pursuits. By highlighting the sexism with which Armanoush contends with in her own family, all of whom are Americans, Shafak shows that sexism is not unique to Turkey and Muslim countries, but rather that bias against women is a global problem. 

 

Shafak also uses manti and Milan Kundera as motifs to draw the young women together. The traditional dumplings, common in Middle Eastern and Central Asian cuisine, are served for dinner almost simultaneously in both of their homes. Here, Shafak is using both food culture and time to narrow the perceived differences in the cultures and to close the geographical distance by showing how food brings them in proximity to each other. 

Milan Kundera becomes exemplary of how art, like food, can become a source of connection. Furthermore, the Czech author is famous not only for his novels but also for having been an exile in France since 1975, as a result of being ousted from Czechoslovakia’s ruling Communist Party. Kundera’s exile parallels the experiences of others in the novel who had to create homes elsewhere, including Petite-Ma, who left Greece for Turkey, and Grandma Shushan, who was driven from her family home in Istanbul. Kundera’s physical condition also coincides with Armanoush’s spiritual sense of not belonging in any of the places that she can claim as home.

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