38 pages • 1 hour read
Jason ReynoldsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Stuntboy, in the Meantime illustrates the deep and reaching effects of family conflict, including separation and divorce, on children. Portico grew up with both of his parents and never saw them fight until they decided to separate. Now, they argue constantly, and they have all but forgotten Portico’s emotional needs in the process. Portico doesn’t understand what his parents are implying when they say that they are moving to two new apartments, and it is not until Portico talks to Herbert that he finally realizes what is happening in his family. Portico starts to see himself as a boy split in two, with neither half fully functional or whole.
Portico’s narrative arc features a pattern of conflict that has a negative impact on his worldview and anxiety. Whenever Portico becomes excited about something he did or found out, he runs home to tell his parents, and each time, they are arguing about a different object. Similarly, when Portico is embarrassed or sad, such as after Zola’s birthday party, he tries to turn to his parents, but they aren’t emotionally present. This pattern makes Portico feel insignificant, increasing his anxiety and causing him to create his own chaos. At one point, Portico is pictured hiding under the coffee table as his parents create a raging storm above him. In another instance, Portico gets upset about his parents fighting and accidentally breaks his own plate. Portico starts to wonder if his parents are villains rather than heroes after Zola compares Portico’s parents to Mater and Pater, seeing the same flaws and negative behaviors in the two cartoon characters as in Portico’s mother and father. His parents’ conflict never seems to resolve, instead culminating in Portico’s parents forcing him to choose which parent he wants to live with. The pressure, uncertainty, and chaos nearly break Portico. Their apartment, which once felt like home, starts to feel more like a battleground.
Experiencing so much conflict at home eventually sparks an inner shift in Portico. After talking to Herbert, Portico finally realizes that his parents are separating. He feels that they have not done their job to “protect the sun” (212), and Portico’s eyes fill with disappointment. While his parents do express guilt, their attitudes and behaviors do not change, and they continue to place their own conflict above their son’s needs. When Portico decides that he will fight for himself instead, he accesses his inner Stuntboy and becomes a calming, strong presence in the home. While his parents continue to devolve into petty arguments, Portico rises above them and finds his inner strength.
Anxiety is both a general feeling and a diagnosable mental illness. Everyone experiences anxiety at some point or another, and everyone is afraid of something. Anxiety is a feeling of fear or nervousness, and when it happens too frequently, too severely, or as a disproportionate response, it can be considered a mental health condition. In Portico’s case, he has not been diagnosed with anxiety disorder, but this is what he experiences and how he labels what he feels. Portico calls the physical symptoms that result from his anxiety “the frets,” and they can include sweating, shaking, freezing up, and feeling sick. Portico’s anxiety has always been with him and comes up when he experiences bullying or embarrassment; however, when Portico’s parents start fighting every day and separating all their belongings, Portico begins experiencing anxiety more often and more severely.
Portico learns to manage his anxiety with help from his best friend, Zola, illustrating the connection between coping with anxiety and stress and The Foundational Supports Provided by Friendship. When Portico gets anxious, he often finds it difficult to respond or to process his surroundings. He used to turn to his parents for support, but their conflict with each other takes up all their time and energy. However, Portico has Zola, who not only acts with empathy and understanding but also knows about yoga and deep-breathing exercises. These are common tools used to deal with anxiety, and Zola teaches Portico how to find his inner calm and focus so that he can approach his situation with more clarity. Zola also listens when Portico needs to vent his fears and frustrations, and she checks up on Portico when she knows he is upset. Her support gives Portico critical tools for understanding and moving through his anxiety.
In addition to learning coping techniques from Zola, Portico draws on his superhero alter ego, Stuntboy, to overcome his anxiety, revealing imagination’s role in supporting growth and development. The more Portico’s parents separate and the longer they argue, the less safe Portico feels at home. He initially responds by reverting to childhood tendencies like hiding under the coffee table and kicking the air to get his parents to stop fighting, but as he starts to see himself as Stuntboy, Portico becomes strong and brave. Picturing himself as a powerful superhero allows Portico to move more freely throughout the world, giving him new ways to interact with his environment and understand his own narrative. Portico’s alter ego becomes the way that he discovers his inner strength and his potential, and he starts to see that Stuntboy was within him all along. Where Portico once reacted with fear and retreated from conflict, he now rises to it and uses what he learned about staying calm in tense situations to fight through how he feels. In the story’s conclusion, Portico realizes that by being Stuntboy, he feels “no frets. No. Frets. At all” (254). He unites his Stuntboy character with his true self as Portico, and while the conflict within his family is not resolved and many changes are on the horizon, Portico now feels more equipped to handle the uncertainty ahead.
Stuntboy, in the Meantime demonstrates the powerful foundation provided by friendship. When life changes and family situations become stressful, friends are there to ease the suffering, provide advice and comfort, and play and laugh together. Portico and Zola are best friends who bonded instantly, and Portico relies on his friendship with Zola during the most difficult time in his life: his parents’ separation.
Portico and Zola’s friendship is defined by the characters’ shared love of superheroes. In fact, Portico reflects that the first day of their friendship was also the day he began to discover his inner Stuntboy because he selflessly acted to protect someone he didn’t even know. Portico and Zola met on the first day of school when Zola was still a brand-new tenant at the apartment complex. Portico saw Zola getting off the bus after school and noticed Herbert approaching her. Portico knew Herbert’s intentions and stepped in just as Herbert was hurling an insult at Zola about her glasses. Portico and Zola’s bond was further solidified when they discovered that they both loved superheroes and Super Space Warriors, a cartoon television show. They adopt superhero identities and spend their days playing out fantasies they create. Throughout the “meantime,” Portico and Zola go on all sorts of adventures together, most of which occur right in their apartment building. They each have a strong imagination and play off one another’s abilities and ideas to turn anything (even dust bunnies) into something fun. Zola also helps Portico reason through what he is feeling and focus on his strengths, which in turn slowly makes Portico more confident in himself and his Stuntboy alter ego.
In addition to fostering Portico’s superhero alter ego, Zola supports her friend through anxiety and family conflict, illustrating friendship’s connection with the novel’s other central themes. Portico turns to Zola when he feels anxious, threatened, embarrassed, or scared. Ever since his parents began fighting every day, Portico feels lost and out of place, and Zola acts as a reliable friend and mentor for Portico. She shares what she knows about yoga and deep breathing to help ease Portico’s anxiety, and she is always willing to listen when he needs to talk about “the meantime.” Almost all of Portico’s days are filled with interactions with Zola, and the way she uses their favorite cartoon to explain what is going on with his parents helps Portico process and react to his situation. Portico and Zola appreciate each other for both their similarities and their differences, and their friendship gives Portico strength when he cannot find it within himself. When Portico experiences anxiety, Zola knows exactly what to do: “The only person who ever seems to be able to help Portico get unnervous and de-fret is the other best person in the building…Zola Brawner!” (10). By serving as a constant in Portico’s otherwise uncertain life, Zola helps Portico navigate his experiences with curiosity, empathy, and joy, demonstrating the power of friendship amid suffering and change.
By Jason Reynolds