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52 pages 1 hour read

Nadia Hashimi

Sparks Like Stars: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2021

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Part 1, Chapters 22-32Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “April 1978”

Part 1, Chapter 22 Summary

Tilly tells the border guard that she needs to see a doctor, and Sitara thinks she is putting on an act of frailty. Sitara admires the hearty way Tilly says goodbye to Indigo and Patricia, reminding them to hug their mothers. They enter the embassy in Islamabad. Sitara thinks of the ring she has sewn inside her shirt. Tilly begins calling Sitara Aryana and asks the officials to contact Antonia. Sitara feels strange being addressed by her sister’s name and feels as if she is falling.

Part 1, Chapter 23 Summary

Tilly thinks she has allergies, as she is sniffling. Sitara feels guilty about how much Tilly and Antonia are doing for her, but Tilly says Antonia loves to help. At the embassy, a man named Leo says there are some complications with getting Aryana a passport. Sitara flinches when soldiers come through the door.

Part 1, Chapter 24 Summary

Sitara recalls stories her father told her of the legends of Afghanistan: how Alexander the Great fell in love with an Afghan woman, Rukhshana, or how the descendants of Genghis Khan, the ethnic Hazara, populated the country. There are shouts and gunfire outside, a protest getting out of hand, and the soldiers escort Tilly and Sitara to an inner room to shelter with others. The protesters break through the outer wall and set fire to the building. A wounded man is brought in, and fumes fill the room. They try to get to the roof, but something is stuck across the door and none of the adults can get through. Sitara squeezes through the opening and unbars the door. As they flee across the roof, Sitara wonders if what she is running toward is any better than what she is running from.

Part 1, Chapter 25 Summary

Leo helps Tilly, Sitara, and the others evacuate. Tilly reminds Leo that Sitara saved everyone’s life and should be sent to America even without a passport. As the plane takes off, Sitara feels “a buoyancy in my bones, as well as a heaviness in my chest” (175). She does not know if she is falling or flying, if she will soar or sink.

Part 1, Chapter 26 Summary

Sitara reads Eastern Bound to pass the time on the plane. Well into the flight, Tilly falls ill and has a seizure. Sitara panics. When the plane lands, Tilly is taken straight to the hospital, and Sitara is not allowed to go with her.

Part 1, Chapter 27 Summary

Sitara is held in a room while people try to figure out what to do with her. She feels for the ring, thinking of them as “twin survivors, […] the last vestiges of our respective empires” (181). She tells the men questioning her that her name is Aryana Zamani, and she was there when the embassy in Islamabad was attacked. The men try to intimidate her, and Sitara is upset to think of what Tilly might go through on her behalf. She tries to be honest in answering their questions, but Aryana would be two years older than Sitara, and she fears they will see through her lie. She speaks of the coup and how her family was killed and is surprised she does not collapse with the telling. The men tell her they must check out whether her story of the coup is true.

Part 1, Chapter 28 Summary

Sitara recalls an incident when she saw some boys tormenting a stray dog and she stopped them. The dog did not show gratitude to Sitara for rescuing it, and her father reminded her the dog was used to taking care of itself. She is sent with a woman named Ann who works with Child Protective Services. Ann takes Sitara to a hospital, where a doctor evaluates her. The doctor believes that Sitara has been sexually assaulted. Ann then takes her to a house. A man and a woman come outside, and Ann tells Sitara this family has agreed to take her in.

Part 1, Chapter 29 Summary

The woman is Janet and her husband is Everett. They sit at a table and Ann asks where the other children are. Janet says they are playing with friends in the neighborhood. As Ann explains Sitara’s situation, Sitara feels that everything she says is wrong. After Ann leaves, Janet locks Sitara in a bedroom upstairs. Sitara waits until she has to go to the bathroom, then calls out. Janet scolds her about being tidy, then takes all of Sitara’s clothes and washes them in a bucket outside.

Part 1, Chapter 30 Summary

Sitara meets the other two children. Shawna is a couple of years older than she is, and Gabriel is five or six. She tells them her name is Aryana and she is 12. They ask if this is her first foster home. Janet instructs Shawna to show Aryana how to take a bath, limiting her use of water. There is no lock on the bathroom door, and Aryana is nervous. At dinner, Janet and Everett pray, then eat delicious garden food. The children are only allowed to eat macaroni and cheese. Aryana thinks Shawna looks malnourished. Aryana wonders “why this place of salvation felt suffocating” (206).

Part 1, Chapter 31 Summary

Sitara recalls running races with Neelab and how the whole palace would prepare for the Nowruz celebrations. She recalls a time she tried to cheat in a race by jumping a row of shrubs and hurt her foot. Her father quoted a line from Rumi: “The wound is where the light enters you” (209). Aryana lies awake as Shawna sleeps, and Everett enters the room. He tells Janet he is tucking in the girls, but Aryana sees him put his hands beneath Shawna’s blanket. She does not understand if he is hurting the girl or soothing her. Shawna pretends to be asleep.

The next morning, they do not speak of it. Shawna makes breakfast for Janet and Everett while the children are given white bread. Sitara is curious when they go to a Christian church. Everett, who is dressed very neatly, is praised by the priest. Gabriel has to use the bathroom, but the children are made to stand quietly while Janet and Everett talk with others. On the way home, Everett stops the car and makes Gabriel urinate outdoors, honking the car horn at him. That afternoon, the children are sent outside to pull weeds in the backyard. Shawna and Aryana add some of their weeds to Gabriel’s pile because he is afraid he will get in trouble.

Part 1, Chapter 32 Summary

Shawna says she has been in this home for one year. Aryana is worried about Tilly, but no one will tell her anything. Shawna and Gabriel leave for school. Everett goes to the church, and Aryana wonders what his God will think of the scratches Aryana left on his arms. Aryana sits in her room and thinks of pieces of the Shahnameh which her father used to read to her. She opens the window and sits on the windowsill with her feet outside. She teeters, not hearing footsteps or the voice calling her. She imagines she is on a rooftop in Kabul, smelling smoke, “while my flailing arms sought both refuge and revenge” (223).

Part 1, Chapters 22-32 Analysis

The attack on the US embassy in Islamabad took place in November 1979, but the novel moves it up to fit with Sitara’s timeline, as the coup in Kabul took place in April 1978 and she leaves for Pakistan a few weeks later. The attack on the embassy involved a group of Islamist students who were incited to riot by Ayatollah Khomeini, leader of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. The Iranian revolution, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty, ended the country’s moves toward modernization and imposed a theocratic government similar to the one the Taliban would later install in Afghanistan. Hashimi manipulates the factual timeline so she can put Sitara in further danger, show her resourcefulness, and facilitate her removal to the US.

Sitara’s time in Pakistan is a liminal threshold, an exile from her homeland, and a fraught entry to a new world. It also illustrates the chaos sown by Empire and the Course of History. Although the events in Kabul and Islamabad are in part the result of Western interference in foreign politics, American officials only know of the attack on the embassy because of the evacuees, and they have no knowledge of the coup in Kabul. The disconnect emphasizes not only the distance between the two worlds but also illustrates the US’s complicity in the traumas Sitara has suffered and those she will suffer in the future. Americans and the US represent both safety and threat to Sitara from her earliest encounters with them: Though Tilly and Antonia help her, their country’s imperialism contributes to her loss of family and home, and other Americans she encounters in the US will exacerbate her trauma. In contrast, these chapters show Sitara tapping into the bravery that was part of her character before the coup. While she escaped Arg to save herself, Sitara helps free the people trapped in the embassy, showing the first signs of her need to help others. Sitara takes the initiative to save herself without sacrificing others around her.

Yet every time Sitara tries to escape, she ends up trapped in another dangerous, enclosed space: Indigo’s van; the inner room of the embassy in Islamabad; the plane to the US; and the bedroom in Janet and Everett’s house. This pattern illustrates the ways that Grief, Trauma, and Healing compound throughout her journey. Losing Tilly to illness emphasizes the precarity of Sitara’s situation. She is completely on her own in a hostile world where the adults seem threatening and the children, while allies are preyed upon. Whereas Shair took a risk to help Sitara, and Antonia and Tilly have done everything they can to help, Janet and Everett exploit their foster children’s vulnerability for their own gain. They pretend to be pious while offering an environment that is abusive, restrictive, and lacking in nourishment.

Hashimi represents the precarity of Sitara’s situation through images of the little girl on precipices that she is about to fly or fall from. When she considers jumping out the window of her temporary foster home, for instance, it represents a bid for freedom from the exploitation of the American foster system; the window symbolizes a threshold to an unknown world, one that may liberate her or introduce her to new, unknown terrors. Hashimi frequently concludes her chapters with a vivid image, and she ends Part 1 with Sitara feeling she is back in the smoke of Kabul, as if she has not escaped to safety at all. Rather than a land of liberty, Sitara finds the US to be a land of danger. This image suggests her state of mind and is a powerful juxtaposition to the sweet, lovely moments Sitara recalls of her childhood, particularly the poetry and songs that her father would share to teach and encourage her. The vividness of these memories highlights her feelings of loss in the present. Without any anchors for her new identity as Aryana, Sitara clings to The Markers of Identity she recalls from her past.

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