logo

57 pages 1 hour read

Douglas Stuart

Shuggie Bain

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Part 3, Chapters 22-27Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3: “1982: Pithead”

Chapter 22 Summary

As Agnes and Eugene’s relationship begins to cool, Shuggie and Leek fear she will go back to drinking. A black taxi is parked outside the house when Shuggie returns home from school on his eleventh birthday. The door is locked, and Shuggie knows what that means. When the door opens, Shuggie is face to face with Shug. They have not seen each other in three years. Shug scoffs at Shuggie’s Campbell nose, gives him some money, and asks if he is chasing girls yet before leaving. Shuggie throws a pair of football boots Shug left for him into the bog. Shuggie finds Agnes sitting in a daze on the bed, a bag of Special Brew by her feet.

After hearing no news of Agnes for over a year, Shug decided to check up on her. He brought a pair of football boots he received for free to give to Shuggie; he could use this as a pretext. Shug managed to convince Agnes to let him in, calling her the love of his life. Agnes treated him coldly as they had tea together. Shug told her that Catherine is expecting a child. Shug snooped around the house before Agnes kicked him out. Agnes and Shuggie give the Special Brew to Jinty.

Eugene finally calls that same day. He picks her up and admits that seeing the alcoholics at the party gave him a fright. Instead of taking her home as she requests, Eugene takes Agnes to the fancy golfer’s hotel for dinner. Eugene insists that they order a several-course meal. Eugene asks if AA has told Agnes when she would get better; Agnes does not think it works that way. Eugene is insistent that, if they were to give their relationship a proper chance, he could help keep her drinking problem at bay. He believes he can fix Agnes.

Eugene orders a bottle of wine and pressures Agnes into having a drink with him throughout the course of their dinner. After dessert, Agnes reluctantly agrees. She is terrified. Nothing immediately changes, and Agnes feels that she can perhaps be normal again. They go to the hotel bar together. By the time Eugene takes Agnes home, they are highly intoxicated. Seeing their mother drunk again, Leek punches Eugene in anger, while Shuggie wets himself in horror.

Chapter 23 Summary

Agnes has completely relapsed into alcoholism. Leek begins to disappear again; Shuggie goes back to taking care of Agnes. On Hogmanay (New Year’s Eve), Agnes has Shuggie take can of Special Brew to Colleen. She says, “Be sure and tell your Auntie Colleen a ‘Happy New Year’ from me and Eugene” (305). Instead, outside, Shuggie drinks some of the beer, glad to have something to fill his empty stomach. Shuggie sees Agnes get in a cab, and he panics.

Eugene had been coming by, guilty for pushing Agnes back into her habit. He helps repair things around the house, and he encourages Agnes to keep sober—to no avail. Agnes begins calling the taxi depot all the time, so Shuggie skillfully changes the numbers in Agnes’s address book.

Slightly drunk, Shuggie pours out the rest of the beer and heads back home. He eats the last tin of custard to settle his stomach before taking out Agnes’s black address book. He deduces she is at a party thrown by someone named Anna O’Hanna. He calls and even manages to speak to Agnes. She is drunk and angry—she thinks Shuggie is trying to ruin her fun. Shuggie calls a cab from the phone book, then opens the television meter and steals the coins. He has enough to get to Anna O’Hanna’s house, but not enough to get home.

The cab driver takes rural roads and makes small talk, eventually asking Shuggie if he wants to sit up front and play with the CB radio. He offers Shuggie a sandwich; Shuggie, famished, accepts. The cab driver starts fondling Shuggie, shoving his hand down the back of Shuggie’s underpants. At first, Shuggie says nothing, but finally he mentions that both Shug and Eugene are cab drivers, and the man stops. The driver makes small talk until they reach their destination; either from guilt or pity, he does not charge Shuggie for the ride. Shuggie “wished he had taken the coins; he didn’t want the man to think he had liked the way his fingers hurt him” (317).

Shuggie finds the Germiston flat and searches for Agnes through the throng of the New Year’s party. He finds Agnes, half-naked, in a dark room, under a pile of coats. 

Chapter 24 Summary

Agnes has deteriorated. Whatever happened to her on New Year’s killed her love of partying; she now drinks to forget herself and her loneliness. The petrol station fired her from for too many absences.

Shuggie wakes to find her sitting on his bed. She wants him to skip school again to pick up the Tuesday child support check. The woman at the DSS threatens to take Agnes’s benefits book if she keeps sending Shuggie; Shuggie begs her not to, partially soiling his pants in anxiety. Finally, she gives him the money, warning him to go back to school and not waste his life in welfare lines.

Agnes makes Shuggie go with her to Dolan’s general store, and they put on a show of making conversation to save face in front of the neighbors. At the store, Mr. Dolan, the one-armed proprietor, asks why Shuggie is not in school. Agnes buys groceries before asking for a dozen special brews. She is short on money and must return most of the groceries. She keeps the beer.

Shuggie goes to the place in the marsh “where he practiced being a normal boy” (330). He decorated this area with discarded furniture during a week he skipped school. Decorating this hideout helps occupy his time.

Shuggie returns home to find Leek pinning Agnes down. She slit her wrists. Agnes struggles to free herself, cursing Leek. Leek tells Shuggie to call an ambulance. Agnes screams “You don’t love me” (332).

Agnes wakes up in a psychiatric hospital with no memory of how she got there. Eugene and Leek preside over her. The gaffer at Leek’s work had received a call from Agnes; he sent Leek home with money for his fare. Agnes had not intended for Leek to make it home in time to save her. Shuggie is with Big Shug. 

Chapter 25 Summary

Shuggie has been living at Shug’s house for a week when Agnes wakes up. Joanie and her six present children were not pleased that Shuggie was moving in. All six of them call Shug “Dad.” He takes the room of a seventh son of Joanie’s, who is away in the army. In bed, Shuggie lies away, thinking. He realizes Shug has 14 children, three of whom are named Hugh.

Joanie kicks Shuggie out of the house in the daytime so Shug can sleep. He spends his time wandering the housing project high rises, wondering if Agnes is all right.

After three weeks, Agnes shows up. She had called and gotten into an argument with Joanie. Shuggie hated hearing the family take delight in Agnes’s suffering. Tired of begging and threatening, Agnes decides to come get Shuggie herself.

Agnes hammers on the door. When there is no answer, she shouts, “SHUG BAIN! SHOW YOUR FACE, YOU WIFE-BEATING HOORMASTER’” (341). A crowd starts to gather in the street. Agnes throws a trashcan through the house’s window, breaking the glass and smashing the family’s color television. Shug restrains the Micklewhites at the front door, keeping them from attacking Agnes. Their rage intensifies when Agnes hits Joanie in the face with one of her stiletto shoes.

Shuggie jumps out the broken window, and, ignoring Shug, goes to Agnes. Agnes embraces Shuggie, telling him not cry, not to give them that satisfaction. They get into the waiting cab, and “he let her cry, he let her talk, and he didn’t contradict her when she made him fine promises he knew she would be unable to keep” (345).

Chapter 26 Summary

Eugene comes in the mornings after Leek leaves to drop off groceries and help take care of Agnes. She is still asleep when he arrives, so he makes toast and tea for himself and Shuggie and looks at the newspaper Agnes left open on the table. She has circled ads for housing exchanges far from Pithead. She wants to move somewhere she can be anonymous again. She drafted an ad that makes Pithead seem like a wholesome destination.

Eugene and Agnes have passionless sex when she is not too hungover. Agnes asks if Eugene will move in with her if they get a new house; Eugene says he will not; he doesn’t like her when she’s drinking. Agnes thinks this sounds like he “was resigning from a job he hated’” (349). With that, their relationship ends.

For weeks, Agnes drinks herself into sadness, then into anger. One day, she demands Shuggie call her a cab to the bingo hall. Agnes impatiently asks over and over if the cab has arrived. Shuggie pours her a drink to appease her, and Agnes passes out on a chair.

Agnes wakes up when Leek comes home and immediately asks for money. This erupts into an argument. Agnes flies into a drunken fury when she sees Leek’s new jeans and guesses he is going to the pub. She uses homophobic slurs to insult Leek; Leek automatically looks at Shuggie, who hears the same words aimed at him at school every day.

Agnes kicks Leek out. She goes to the telephone. Leek begins stuffing black plastic bags with his possessions. Leek tells Shuggie that he is the man of the house now and gives him ideas of how to survive and take care of Agnes—many of which Shuggie has already been doing for years. Leek tells Shuggie to look out for himself; if he needs to leave, he wants him to hide all the pills and sharp objects in the house. Shuggie is worried that if there is no one to look after her, Agnes will not get better. Leek tells him that Agnes will never get better.

Shuggie does his best for Leek, but without him there, “The lowest of the demons came out of the off-licenses and bookies, and they filled [Agnes] with drink” (356). Shuggie wants Agnes to get better so Leek will come back. 

Chapter 27 Summary

Agnes and Shuggie want out of Pithead. Agnes knows of the rumors that now circulate about her, but she still maintains her pride of her appearance as she walks through the town. Agnes has a confrontation with Colleen about Eugene which, culminates in Agnes telling her she slept with Jamesy.

Because of Agnes, the McAvennie children begin harassing Shuggie at home. When he does not answer the door, they spit through the letterbox. Shuggie tries to wipe it up before it gets on the carpet. Finally, Francis tries to coax him outside. He offers to let Shuggie kiss him through the mail slot. When he puts his mouth to the slot, Shuggie shoves the spit rag in his mouth. In a rage, Francis tries to stab Shuggie with Colleen’s kitchen knife.

Agnes feverishly begins pawning her possessions, gripped with the desire to leave pithead. During packing, Shuggie asks her, “Why can’t I be enough?” but she is not listening (365). Shuggie manages to save a few of Leek’s and Catherine’s possessions before Agnes pawns the rest.

The night before the move, Agnes and Shuggie eat chocolate as Agnes tries on clothes. They discuss who they want to be in their new lives. Agnes promises to stop drinking and to get a job. When Shuggie seems doubtful, Agnes dumps the remainder of her alcohol down the drain—something she has never done before. 

Part 3, Chapters 22-27 Analysis

In this section of the novel, Agnes fully relapses back into alcoholism, and the family begins to move back to familiar patterns of coping and avoidance. Shug resurfaces in Chapter 22 out of curiosity; though he uses Shuggie’s birthday as an excuse for his visit, his true intention is to check up on Agnes, whom he has not heard from in over a year. Shug is a jealous and possessive man; he would rather Agnes be broken completely, ruined as a person, than to let another man have her. This is yet another instance of his toxic masculinity—women are his possessions.

Ironically, it is Eugene, not Shug, that breaks Agnes. In effort to mend their cooling relationship, Eugene takes her out to a fancy dinner, culminating in him convincing her that a small drink will not hurt. Because Agnes is desperate to believe that she is normal, she gives in to his request. This ends her longest period of sobriety, and with it the brief halcyon days enjoyed by her sons. Eugene attempts to make amends by helping to take care of Agnes and providing groceries for her household. However, he eventually leaves Agnes in a similar way to Shug, telling her he does not like her when she drinks. Eugene represents the worldview of alcohol addiction at the time and develops the theme of addiction and abuse; it reveals how alcoholics without a support system continue to cycle in and out of sobriety. Because alcohol is not an illegal substance, outsiders like Eugene might believe that alcoholics just lack willpower, can be “cured,” and don’t have a long-term problem. 

When Agnes slits her wrist, the circumstances behind the suicide attempt demonstrate that it was not a cry for attention: Agnes truly intended to die. With her self-destructive behavior ever increasing, Shuggie hears over and over that Agnes is beyond saving, foreshadowing her eventual death. when Agnes kicks Leek out of their house, Leek warns Shuggie not to waste his life trying to take care of Agnes when she will not even take care of herself. However, Shuggie remains in denial and holds onto the same hope that Agnes does: If they are able to move somewhere where they are anonymous, they will both be able to start over and reinvent themselves. In this way, Shuggie and Agnes both hope against hope to become normal.

Without a proper authority figure in his life, Shuggie must navigate his sexuality—and the consequences of his effeminate behavior in an unaccepting social environment—by himself. He is frequently sexually harassed by boys and men, as he is in Chapter 27 when the neighbor boy offers to kiss him through the mail slot. In a rare moment of self-defense, Shuggie shoves a spit rag into the boy’s mouth, but in other instances, such as the molestations from the taxi driver and Johnny, Shuggie takes the abuse somewhat passively. This change in Shuggie’s response shows a development in his character and foreshadows his abandonment of his mother and newfound ability to take control of his circumstances. Shuggie is beginning to fight back against his abusers and put himself first. 

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text

Related Titles

By Douglas Stuart