52 pages • 1 hour read
Michael MorpurgoA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Remembering finding Big Joe in the village church tower leads Thomas to ponder the significance of these religious structures. Despite learning in Sunday school that a church tower symbolizes a promise of heaven, he now feels forsaken and doubts that a deity watches over him.
A few weeks after Big Joe reunited with the family, Molly arrives at the Peaceful home, having been thrown out by her parents. Mrs. Peaceful breaks the news that Molly is pregnant. The revelation stirs a complex mix of emotions in Thomas and stuns Charlie. Charlie comforts and reassures Molly, and they eventually have a quiet and unceremonious wedding.
To cope with increasing feelings of isolation, Thomas avoids being alone with Molly and starts spending less time with Charlie, volunteering for errands that take him away from the farm.
During a visit to a market, Thomas encounters a military recruiting march. The sergeant major stirs the crowd’s emotions, emphasizing the gravity of the war and urging the crowd to support the war effort. Some men enlist, such as Charlie’s former classmate, Jimmy Parsons. An older woman prods Thomas to join as well, questioning his courage. He hesitates and ultimately slips away from the crowd and returns to the farm.
At supper, Thomas shares the story with the family and talks about joining the military. Mrs. Peaceful and Charlie quickly dismiss the idea, highlighting that Thomas is too young to enlist. Although Thomas is initially disappointed, he secretly feels relieved, believing that the war will be over by the time he reaches the required enlistment age.
Molly shares distressing news about an unexpected visit from the Colonel. Due to the worsening situation in the war, he now expects every man living or working on his estate to volunteer for the war effort. He threatens to evict the Peacefuls from the cottage if Charlie does not enlist. This revelation weighs heavily on the siblings as they realize the drastic effect that this would have on their lives.
Thomas decides to accompany Charlie to the war despite the family’s attempts to dissuade him. Even though he is only 16, he is resolute in proving himself and supporting his brother. However, beneath his determination lies a fear instilled by the taunting words of the woman in the town square.
The brothers embark on a train to the enlisting site. Sitting across from each other, Thomas feels an unspoken understanding between them and a deep sense of gratitude.
Thomas obsessively checks the time on a watch that he inherited from Charlie the last time they met. The ticking of the watch reminds him of the passing time. Tormented by his brother’s impending execution, Thomas wishes for time to stop, and thinks more about their early days in the army.
Despite Thomas’s age, Charlie confidently secures their places as volunteers by claiming that they are twins. Among the recruits are some familiar faces from their hometown: Nipper Martin, Pete Bovey, and Les James.
During their training, the recruits quickly learn the basics of being soldiers. They become skilled at maintaining their uniforms, marching in formation, saluting officers, and handling rifles. Life in the army is highly regimented, but despite being warned about the harsh realities of trench warfare, the recruits still feel that they are merely rehearsing. One morning, a glimpse of the impending danger shakes them. During an exercise, they hear distant noise coming from France and recognize what it is—the sound of real guns.
As they arrive in France, seeing wounded soldiers reminds the regiment of the gravity of the situation. While they had a relatively easy time in training, they face Sergeant Hanley’s berating treatment in France. Hanley uses physical and verbal abuse to push the soldiers to their limits, and many reluctantly obey his commands to avoid further punishment. However, Charlie’s resistance against Hanley’s tyranny results in constant harassment.
One day, Thomas collapses during a punishing exercise, and Charlie confronts Hanley, resulting in his arrest. As a result, Charlie is tied to a gun wheel in the rain for insubordination. A brigadier warns the soldiers that similar insubordination can lead to execution by firing squad.
As he fights off sleep, Thomas realizes that he has lost precious minutes. He recalls his ability to stay awake during lookout duty in the trenches, aided by the cold and fear. He draws his strength from remembering his first days in the trenches.
As they leave France and Sergeant Hanley behind, the recruits march into Belgium with relief. Captain Wilkes, a kind and considerate officer, now leads the team. Captain Wilkes is a stark contrast to Sergeant Hanley, and the soldiers appreciate his kindness and respond positively to his leadership.
At a rest camp, the soldiers receive their first letters. Charlie and Thomas eagerly read about the changes in Molly’s and Mrs. Peaceful’s lives. Captain Wilkes takes the soldiers to a local pub, where they enjoy a hearty meal. Thomas is briefly captivated by a girl working in the restaurant but struggles with the effects of alcohol as he becomes intoxicated for the first time.
The soldiers arrive at the front lines, and the reality of war becomes more tangible. They hear the continuous roar of guns and recognize that this is where they are marching to. Initially relieved at leaving France and Sergeant Hanley behind, they now acknowledge the hazardous nature of the front.
Finally, they reach their dugout, exhausted and eager for rest. The captain’s prediction of a quiet sector holds true, with occasional gunfire but no major attacks. Despite the hardships, Captain Wilkes and Charlie uplift the soldiers’ spirits. During winter, their sector remains relatively quiet, with minimal casualties. However, they are tasked with sending out patrols to gather information about the enemy’s strength and position.
During one such patrol, Thomas, Charlie, Nipper Martin, Little Les, and Pete Bovey crawl through No Man’s Land and infiltrate the enemy’s deserted trenches. They hear voices and music coming from a dugout and find a lone German soldier outside, who panics and raises the alarm. They throw a grenade into the dugout, resulting in an explosion that kills several German soldiers.
Charlie and Thomas’s patrol group retrieves one German soldier as a prisoner but is caught in the open while trying to return to their trenches. The situation becomes dire as the enemy draws fire, and Captain Wilkes gets injured. After enduring persistent artillery fire, they return to the trenches, with Charlie carrying the wounded Captain Wilkes.
The soldiers discover that Captain Wilkes was sent to England due to his injuries. Despite his grave condition, he leaves his watch as a memento for Charlie. Charlie promises Thomas that if something were to happen to him, the watch would become Thomas’s.
Despite their young age, Charlie and Thomas internalize the weight of personal duty in the face of conflict. When they debate whether to join up, Charlie grapples with the moral dilemma of enjoying life while others are suffering on the battlefield, while Thomas struggles to reconcile with the pressure imposed on him: “Deep down though, I knew that, more than Charlie, more than my country or the band or the sergeant major, it was that toothless old woman taunting me in the square” (103). The woman’s taunting is a powerful symbol of the societal pressure that young men like Thomas faced during the wartime. The pressure of responding when duty calls reflects the prevailing sentiment of jingoism of the era. This old woman character is a prototype of the women of the White Feather Movement who handed white feathers to men still at home to accuse them of cowardice (Brain, Jessica. “The White Feather Movement.” Historic UK, 2022). The woman’s accusing eyes and prodding create an atmosphere of collective judgment, as if the entire community is watching and expecting Thomas to step up.
Charlie’s actions during his military training reflect a similar sense of personal duty. Charlie endures physical and psychological trials and harsh treatment by Sergeant Hanley. His defiance against Hanley reflects his commitment to principles of justice and fairness. The brigadier’s threat of execution for insubordination foreshadows Charlie’s ultimate fate. His unwavering bravery in the face of tyrannical power underscores the courageous nature of his defiance.
Although Challenging Tyrannical Authority is a theme hinted at throughout the novel, it is most clear in Thomas and Charlie’s time in the war. Their greatest antagonist yet—Sergeant Hanley—is a symbol of the dehumanizing brutality of war. His tyranny threatens to break the spirit of the recruits, but it also ignites a spark of resistance in Charlie. Charlie’s confrontation with Hanley, resulting in his arrest and punishment, is a testament to his determination to stand up against any injustice, regardless of the consequences.
The Power of Familial Bonds extends to Charlie and Thomas’s military career. Apart from their protectiveness of each other, they build similarly strong bonds with other soldiers and superiors in the battlefield. During their first mission in No Man’s Land, Charlie’s heroism ensures Captain Wilkes’s safety. Despite Wilkes’s being their commanding officer, they visit him at the hospital as if he were family, expressing concern and care for his well-being. The bond is reciprocated as Wilkes passes down his watch as a symbol of gratitude and a reminder of their connection. This event hints that the watch Thomas mentions in Chapter 8 is the same one Charlie receives in Chapter 9, creating suspense about Charlie’s situation, as the object would only be passed down in dire circumstances.
By Michael Morpurgo
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