50 pages • 1 hour read
Octavia E. ButlerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Larkin reflects on how many of the children adopted into new Christian American families were mistreated and ended up unhappy. Her adoptive parents gave her a stable and secure life, but they valued obedience and submission, and Larkin did not feel free to express herself.
The narrative resumes with Lauren’s journal in March 2035, shortly after the escape. Lauren is trying to adjust to the mindset of a free and autonomous individual, reflecting that “things haven’t just happened. I’ve caused them to happen. I must get back to normal, to knowing and admitting, at least to myself, when I cause things” (263). The trauma of being enslaved is reflected in how even an extremely strong and independent individual like Lauren has to work to actively reclaim her identity as a free person. After Lauren and her followers leave Camp Christian, they spend a few days together in the forest, grieving their pain and loss. Lauren tells them they must all go their separate ways, cover up their identities (to avoid being punished for killing the guards and burning the camp), and focus on finding their children. While it breaks Lauren’s heart to separate from her community members, she encourages them to keep the beliefs of Earthseed alive. With a few members of the Acorn community, Lauren heads to a settlement called Georgetown, where they hope they might find some information about what happened to the children.
Lauren earns some money in the settlement by teaching people how to read and write and making sketches of their loved ones for them. Going by the name of Cory Duran, she integrates into the community, even though many people there are loyal to Jarret. By chance, she meets Justin, a young boy who had been part of the Acorn community. Like the other children, Justin was taken away and adopted, but after being abused by his adoptive parents, he ran away. He ended up at Georgetown trying to make his way back to Acorn. Justin cannot tell them where the other children were taken, but he explains that their names were always changed. Lauren is more afraid than ever because Larkin was only a tiny infant when she was taken. An older child like Justin would remember his original name and family, but Larkin will not. She will also have grown and changed, and Lauren confronts the fact that she might not even recognize her daughter if she did encounter her. Over time in Georgetown, the members of the Acorn community move on, severing Lauren’s last ties to her past.
Larkin reflects bitterly that while she believes her mother looked for her and would have taken her back if she could have found her, she also thinks that Lauren always cared more about Earthseed than about her child. The narrative shifts back to Lauren’s story. In April 2035, she leaves Georgetown and sets off with two goals: finding Larkin and spreading the teachings of Earthseed to as many people as possible. Because Lauren is traveling alone, she disguises herself as a man for safety. She plans to travel around, earning room and board through teaching and manual labor.
Lauren’s plan initially goes well. Because she does not have a permanent place to stay, several people suggest she go to the Christian America community center, where they offer food and shelter to people in need. Lauren is terrified of someone there recognizing her but realizes that she might learn useful information about what happened to her daughter in such a place. She begins to go there for meals, even though “it was like making myself step into a big nest of rattlesnakes” (299).
On Lauren’s third visit to the community center, she is astonished to see her brother Marc preaching a sermon. Lauren has not seen Marc since he rejected the teachings of Earthseed and angrily left Acorn. She sends him a coded note asking him to meet with her without revealing who she is.
The narrative includes a short excerpt of writing by Marcus, explaining that he has always had a passion for religion and preaching. Marcus saw that religion was very vulnerable unless allied with and protected by the government, so he respected and admired Jarret for bringing together church and state. The narrative shifts to Larkin’s perspective, and she shares that she loved her uncle because he was very handsome and charismatic.
The narrative switches back to Lauren’s story. Marcus comes to the meeting and is astonished to see Lauren. She immediately tells him that she needs his help getting her daughter back and tells him about all the atrocities at Camp Christian. Marcus is stunned and confused and denies that any of this could occur. He has heard about reeducation camps but thinks that they are only for criminals to help them turn their lives around. Lauren insists that she was enslaved, and when she tells Marcus that she killed people to escape, he hits her and walks off.
A few days later, Lauren returns to the Center, and when she asks about Marcus, she is told that he had abruptly left to go and preach in Portland, Oregon. As Lauren leaves the Center, another staff member slips her a note that Marcus has left for her. Marcus apologizes for hitting her and says that he has figured out what she was talking about: a violent and fanatical splinter group known as “Jarret’s Crusaders” takes part in these activities, but Christian America does not condone them. Marcus explains that he has no way to help Lauren find her daughter, but he suggests that she join Christian America to have a chance to locate her. Marcus argues that “your cult has failed. Your god of change couldn’t save you” (320-21), thereby continuing his pattern of undermining Earthseed.
On her way back to where she is staying, Lauren is attacked by two men and kills them in self-defense. Worried about being caught for this act and still hoping that Marcus can somehow help her reunite with her daughter, Lauren decides to head to Portland.
Larkin recollects how, when she was bored as a child, she imagined different scenarios for Dreamasks and wrote them down. As she grows older, Larkin hears whispers and rumors about her birth mother and feels more and more ostracized from the Christian American community. Combined with her unhappy homelife, she becomes angry and volatile, and when she is 15, she gets in a fight with a classmate. Meanwhile, her adopted father continues to abuse her sexually.
The narrative shifts to Lauren. Back in Georgetown, to prepare for her journey to Oregon, a friend warns Lauren that she might never find Larkin and that she should try to accept this possibility. Lauren will be accompanied on her journey by a woman named Len. Len came from a wealthy family but had a difficult relationship with them, and they refused to help her after she was kidnapped. Len was eventually able to get free and learned that her family had moved to Alaska. She is now headed there to join them. Lauren realizes that Len also has hyperempathy syndrome.
Lauren gives Len her Earthseed writings to read during their travels, and Len becomes curious and eager to discuss the teachings. Len also tells Lauren about her unhappy past life, and Lauren tries to console her. Lauren explains that “normal people wouldn’t have survived what we’ve survived. If we were normal, we’d be dead” (344). Lauren reframes both intelligence and hyperempathy syndrome as strengths rather than weaknesses and encourages Len to have hope for the future.
Larkin’s narrative of her life functions as a parallel to the primary plotline of Lauren’s story. Larkin’s life contrasts with Lauren in that while Lauren has encountered far more danger and physical suffering, she has always had a sense of community and purpose. Larkin experiences more privilege and security in her adopted life but never feels a sense of connection or belonging, lamenting that “there was no love in the Alexander house” (347). Significantly, the Acorn community included several blended families and cases where orphans were adopted, and those families are usually depicted as loving and thriving. Butler does not critique family structures that depart from nuclear, biological units but is critical of how the rigid judgments and values of Christian America poison even the abilities of family members to love one another. Themes of gendered violence and the impact of trauma also play out within the Alexander family: Larkin’s adoptive father sexualizes and abuses her, while Larkin’s adoptive mother cannot get past her grief for her biological daughter.
Completely alone, Lauren seeks refuge at the Christian America community center, likening it to a rattlesnake nest. This metaphor describes her fearfulness and disgust around anyone associated with the Christian America faith. Hearkening to how snakes are often associated with sinfulness (in the Biblical creation story, Satan took the form of a snake), it is an example of irony since the members of Christian America think of themselves as very holy and righteous but are committing atrocities. Lauren’s reunion with Marcus should offer a connection to someone she’s close to, but Marcus betrays and disappoints his sister once again. Lauren’s trauma of being enslaved and raped is bad enough, but not being believed when she tells her story is almost worse. Marcus retraumatizes his sister by putting his commitment to Christian America ahead of her: he insists that “you’re making some kind of mistake” (312). As with many religious institutions, Christian America demands unwavering devotion, and as an adherent, Marcus will ignore any narratives that contradict what he wants to believe. Within Christian America, Marcus has finally found the power, authority, and sense of belonging he craved, and he rejects any threat to it; somewhat ironically, his behavior here parallels Lauren’s earlier behavior when she protected Earthseed even if it meant losing her brother. Lauren and Marcus often experience conflict because of their similarities, not their differences. As Larkin explains, “Lauren had always been willing to sacrifice others to what she believed was right. She recognized that last characteristic in Uncle Marc, but I don’t believe she ever saw it clearly in herself” (307).
Lauren demonstrates her resilience and adaptability in this portion of the novel by fluidly transitioning to a new vision of building Earthseed. Earthseed is a deeply pragmatic system of belief in that Lauren demands it provide adherents with principles that help them navigate real-world challenges. Because Earthseed emphasizes change, it is the perfect faith to allow Lauren to adapt to new circumstances. Lauren muses that “I don’t mean that it was easy—just that it wasn’t as hard as I expected. God is Change. I’ve taught that for six years. It’s true, and I supposed it’s paved the way for us” (271). The imagery of a way paved by her belief system suggests that Lauren can see the steps she needs to take, even if it is challenging.
By Octavia E. Butler