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Content Warning: This section of the guide describes and discusses the source text’s treatment of violence, murder, death by suicide, and infidelity.
The narrator’s true name is never revealed, which points to the theme of The Complexity of Identity. Fittingly for a narrator who is never given a name, he struggles to figure out who he is and who he wants to become. Having no family, dreams, or sense of purpose of his own, he believes he has found purpose with Millicent. Not only does she create a structured family wherein the narrator serves a purpose as a father, but she is also his partner in literal crime, which makes him feel more powerful and in control than he feels in his career or home life. After committing his first murder to defend Millicent and his family, the narrator believes for a while that he wants to transcend his social position as an “average,” upper-middle-class father and tennis instructor by becoming a criminal mastermind, which would make him “above” average. In reality, the reason he drew satisfaction from the first murder was because he did it to protect his family. The subsequent murders that Millicent commits do not protect the family; the victims are not threats and do not even know the family, let alone intend to harm them. The narrator ultimately embraces his identity as a father and tennis instructor, while renouncing his identity as a criminal and as Millicent’s husband. Although these traits coexisted for a while, they were ultimately incompatible, and the narrator has to choose which person he wants to be. Still, the narrator’s use of another alter ego at the end of the novel suggests that his identity remains unfixed.
The narrator also develops The Challenges of Parenthood. This is the narrator’s most difficult challenge, as well as the challenge that he ultimately commits to most deeply. The narrator had a troubled relationship with his own parents, who were emotionally neglectful. His trauma and resentment are part of what makes Millicent’s decisive, controlling personality attractive to him because she provides him with the sense of belonging that he longed for. For a while, the narrator fantasizes about murder and even murders to please Millicent, because his priority is to be a good husband. Later, it becomes clear that the couple’s criminal activities are hurting their children, and the narrator reorganizes his priorities, deciding to put his children first. He recognizes that he is neglecting his children the way his parents neglected him, and he decides that he will not perpetuate their mistakes. This does not undo his problematic past, but still creates a better path for the future, suggesting that family dysfunction can be transcended.
Millicent is the narrator’s wife and partner-in-crime. She commits every murder in the novel except one; the narrator killed her sister Holly. Millicent seems responsible, strict, and hardworking, but she’s also secretive, vindictive, and lacks a moral compass. Millicent’s character contributes to The Complexity of Identity because she presents a false identity to fool others into trusting her. For example, although she is the one who kidnaps and eventually kills Naomi, Millicent attends a prayer event for Naomi and wears a T-shirt to show solidarity with the community. Millicent hides in plain sight, making her a terrifying villain. People do not think to suspect her, which allows her to get away with more.
Millicent also develops The Wide-Ranging Effects of Infidelity and Murder. After learning that her husband cheated on her, Millicent’s response is far beyond what might be expected. She is not the only person who suffers as a result of the narrator’s infidelity; instead, five women die as a result, including people whom her husband did not cheat on her with. Additionally, the community enters a panic, Trista dies by suicide, and Jenna develops an anxiety disorder. Millicent’s character arc shows how infidelity and murder do not have just one “victim.” Instead, a large web of people are affected. Each person who dies leaves behind loved ones, coworkers, and acquaintances, all of whom are affected in various ways. The community as a whole is also affected because of the media’s coverage of these events, and the panic that results from it.
Jenna and Rory are the narrator and Millicent’s children and the main focuses of The Challenges of Parenthood. At first, the narrator feels like the kids are getting in the way of his and Millicent’s criminal activities: they are limited to talking about these activities after the kids are asleep, they can only commit murders when the kids are at sleepovers, and, due to Jenna’s recurrent stomach issues, the narrator always has to take care of her instead of helping Millicent murder people. In reality, the parents’ immoral activities (including murder and infidelity) are getting in the way of their children’s well-being. Millicent harms Jenna directly by poisoning her with eye drops, which cause her stomach problems. However, she also harms Jenna indirectly, because when she murders a series of women, Jenna becomes deeply fearful that she will be next, and develops an anxiety disorder and violent behavior. This shows how, even when parents make attempts to shield their children from their own secret activities, there is no way to truly live two separate lives. The consequences of the parents’ activities outside the home inevitably creep into the home and damage their children.
Rory does not react the same way as Jenna to the serial killer news, but he does react when he learns about his father’s infidelity. At first, he blackmails his father, demanding video games and cash in exchange for not telling his mother and sister about the cheating. This arrangement teaches Rory several toxic lessons and is not likely to help him grow into a good adult. Later, Rory does not want any more money. What he wants is even more upsetting to the narrator: He wants his father to stop cheating on his mother. By this point, he already has, but that doesn’t change Rory’s perception. The narrator learns that lying to his children is not sustainable. Leading a double life as a serial killer or stalker is not feasible if he is going to truly commit to being a good father. Thus, he renounces these activities and kills his wife to protect his kids from her.
Holly is the first and only person the narrator kills. She is also Millicent’s sister. Holly’s murder highlights The Wide-Ranging Effects of Infidelity and Murder because at first, the narrator and Millicent do not face many consequences for murdering Holly or the coworker who comes looking for her, Robin. They do not get caught, the stories do not dominate the news, and their kids do not know about the deaths. The narrator kills Holly because he believes she is a direct threat to Millicent and his family. The feeling he gets from killing her—self-defense and protection—is not something that can be emulated by killing random women who are not threats. Whereas the narrator does not experience much guilt or shame after killing Holly, he experiences a great deal of guilt and shame after Millicent kills Naomi and Lindsay, and also after Trista dies by suicide, which he considers to be his fault. Not all murders in the novel present the same amount of consequences, but ultimately, most murders generate consequences beyond what the narrator originally expected.
Holly is also a key to the theme of The Complexity of Identity. Millicent had told the narrator that her sister Holly had died years before and that before her death she was institutionalized for torturing and trying to kill Millicent. Part of the reason the narrator feels he must kill Holly in self-defense is because, based on Millicent’s stories, he believes she is a dangerous person. Later, he learns the truth: Millicent is the one who tortured and tried to kill Holly, but she successfully convinced their family that Holly was the one to blame. Holly’s character demonstrates how easily the perception of a person’s identity can be manipulated, and the dire consequences that can result. Though Holly did eventually become an aggressive and violent person, that was because of what she experienced after her sister made others believe she was a violent person, not because violence was an innate part of her identity.
Trista and Andy are a married couple who are friends with the narrator and Millicent. The narrator has known Andy since childhood and teaches tennis lessons to Trista. Trista and Andy emphasize The Complexity of Identity because of the secrets Trista keeps from Andy despite being married to him. For example, Andy does not know Trista dated Owen Oliver Riley before he became a notorious serial killer, nor that she is still in love with him. When Trista leaves Andy, he has no idea why, and when she dies by suicide after Owen has supposedly “returned” to serial killing, he feels even more confused. When Trista dies by suicide, this also emphasizes The Wide-Ranging Effects of Infidelity and Murder because her death is an additional casualty that the narrator and Millicent had not anticipated and cannot fix.