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114 pages 3 hours read

Jerry Spinelli

Milkweed

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2003

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Chapters 22-24Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 22 Summary: “Spring”

The boys tease Misha for being adopted by the Milgroms. Uri smiles at the light teasing and is pleased. Misha spends most nights with the Milgroms, despite Uncle Shepsel’s complaints. Misha explains that he is no longer a Gypsy. After Mr. Milgrom accepted Misha as part of the family, Misha lets go of his fabricated backstory. He only keeps the yellow stone around his neck, the one part of Uri’s story that Misha believes to be real. Misha Pilsudski is now Misha Milgrom.

The boys are now smugglers, entering and leaving the ghetto via different means to steal food. As they lie upon their rug, they speak of Himmler, whom Big Henryk insists is coming to visit the ghetto. The boys discuss the possible truth in it, though Misha is unsure who he is. Kuba tells the boys that Himmler is the “Number Two Jackboot” (83). Misha has heard of Hitler but according to Enos, Himmler is the Jackboot responsible for the ghetto.

Misha returns to the Milgroms, where he tells them of Himmler’s prospective arrival. Uncle Shepsel does not believe him and instead continues to demand that Misha bring him food. Mr. Milgrom draws Janina and Misha close and praises them. Janina tries to make it a competition, desperately trying to get Mr. Milgrom to say that she is better than Misha. Mr. Milgrom tries to tell her that no one has to be better, that they are equal, but Janina does not understand this and continues to insist that she is better. Mr. Milgrom is disappointed and tells the children to go play.

Chapter 23 Summary

Chapter 23 begins with a screaming Janina, desperate to race out of the apartment in an attempt to kick Himmler. Mr. Milgrom and Uncle Shepsel hold her back while Misha races out of the apartment and begins asking passersby of Himmler’s whereabouts. The directions lead Misha to a parade of oncoming automobiles, and Misha notes that only Flops are looking at the parade.

Misha asks around, desperate to find Himmler, before he spots what he calls the “most magnificent Jackboot [he] had ever seen” (86). The man’s uniform is adorned with silver eagles and though Misha continues to call out Himmler’s name, the Jackboot does not turn in recognition. Misha continues to run from car to car, calling out Himmler’s name before, eventually, an unimpressive man with thick glasses and a mustache turns towards him. Misha wonders at how ordinary and common Himmler looks but soon begins to call out again, asking to see Himmler’s boots.

As Misha desperately tries to keep up with Himmler’s car, he accidentally runs straight into a Flop, the scent of mint making Misha realize whom he has run into. Misha describes Buffo as the worst Flop of them all, a fat man who kills Jewish children with his bare hands by suffocating them against his big belly. Misha recalls how children would run away at the scent of mint, and how Buffo was the Flop that all the boys were the most afraid of. Buffo hates Misha the most out of all the children because Misha taunts him and runs away before Buffo can catch him.

When Buffo realizes that Misha is the one responsible for all the taunts, he steps on Misha’s shoe, pinning him to ground as he drags him forward to smother him with his belly. Misha struggles violently, finally pulling himself free of the shoe and Buffo’s grip, and escaping into the crowd. Misha throws his remaining shoe away, resolving that once winter returns, he will simply steal another pair. When Misha tells the boys about his run-in with Buffo, Uri smacks him, and tells him firmly not to bait the Flop again. 

Chapter 24 Summary

Misha fixates on the impossible idea that a cow roams the ghetto. Children in the ghetto so desperately need milk that the myth of a cow living in the ghetto takes life. Even Doctor Korczak, the orphans’ caretaker, urges Misha to find the cow. Misha continues to bring food to the orphans but upon receiving Doctor Korczak’s stern request, he begins searching the streets for a cow that cannot possibly exist.

Janina claims that she has heard the cow’s mooing but Uncle Shepsel does not believe her. Shepsel has been preoccupied with reading about the Lutheran religion. Shepsel claims that he is no longer a Jew and is now a Lutheran. He believes that this will gain him freedom from the ghetto. Mr. Milgrom says that Shepsel cannot simply stop being Jewish.

When Misha tells the boys of his quest to find the cow, most of the boys laugh at him, telling him that the animal does not exist. Later, Misha tells the boys of his encounter with the Jackboots. He tells them that Himmler does not exist, describing the ordinary-looking man he saw. Uri confirms that the man is in fact Himmler and Misha recalls that it is only then that he begins to lose respect for Jackboots, and no longer wants to be one. 

Chapters 22-24 Analysis

Misha reveals that he knows far more about the Jackboots than he has previously let on. Misha has referred to the Nazis as Jackboots for most of the novel and has displayed some admiration and respect towards the soldiers. His naivety and ignorance about the Holocaust and the motivations of the regime have allowed Spinelli to convey the incomprehensibility of it to the reader.

However, in this section of the novel, Misha’s actual knowledge about the situation is revealed. Spinelli writes of Misha’s obsession with Himmler: “I wanted to get a look at the Number Two Jackboot. I had heard of a man called Hitler, who was boss of all the Jackboots, who were also called Nazis” (83). This is the first time Hitler and the Nazis are mentioned by name in the novel.

In Chapter 22, Mr. Milgrom tries to teach Janina and Misha about equality. Mr. Milgrom emphasizes over and over that “no one is better” but Janina does not believe him (84). It is interesting to note that in Mr. Milgrom’s attempt to convey equality, he does so by dividing them by their gender. Mr. Milgrom, trying to make a point about egalitarianism, says that Janina is “girl wonderful. And [Misha] is boy wonderful” (85). In categorizing and dividing them, Mr. Milgrom fails at his own exercise.

The banal aesthetic of Himmler ruins the image of Jackboots that have built up in Misha’s mind. Despite all of the violence and cruelty that Misha has been privy to, it is, ironically, Himmler’s ordinariness that makes Misha no longer want to be part of it. This realization coincides with Misha’s integration into the Milgrom family and undoubtedly reflects the search for his own identity. By becoming Misha Milgrom, by getting an armband and becoming Jewish in the eyes of the public, Misha finds an identity that he previously tried to locate, at least in part, in the Jackboots.

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