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Stephenie MeyerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Blood, and particularly human blood, is an unsurprisingly important motif in a vampire novel. Within the world of the Twilight Saga, the Cullens are notable for the fact that they abstain from human blood. Instead, as Edward explains to Bella, they subsist on the unsatisfactory substitution of animal blood. Edward tells Bella, “I’d compare it to living on tofu and soy milk; we call ourselves vegetarians, our little inside joke. It doesn’t completely satiate our hunger—or rather thirst. But it keeps us strong enough to resist. Most of the time” (205). The idea of satiety is important—human blood is how vampires fulfil their primary need, and animal blood never leaves them quite full enough. As Edward was turned by Carlisle, the prototype of the moral vampire, he only realized that he could be missing full satisfaction when he met other, more traditional vampires. Such an encounter left Edward curious, and soon he left Carlisle’s family in a brief period of rebellion. Remembering that time, he thinks, “the first time I tasted human blood, my body was overwhelmed. It felt totally filled and totally well. More alive than before” (327). This description is more reminiscent of the feeling an addict would experience after a high, rather than the feeling of simply being well-fed. In that sense, blood is more than vampire food, it is vampire life.
Bella’s blood holds a special attraction for Edward. In the meadow during a moment of peak temptation, Edward thinks, “her blood had so much more pull for me than any other human’s I’d encountered before—I could only assume that the relief and pleasure would be that much more intense” (370). Bella’s blood therefore represents, to Edward, a kind of super-drug. It would fill him with more satiety and sweetness than he has ever experienced before, including even his experiences with human blood, and thus Edward’s ability to ultimately restrain himself from harming Bella is even more noteworthy.
In conjunction with blood, fire and burning are regular motifs in Midnight Sun used to explain the sensation of vampire thirst. Before Edward takes Bella to the meadow, he tries to desensitize himself to the scent of her blood one last time. He thinks, “I took one final lungful of fire, and then held it inside my chest” (330). Here Edward uses fire to represent the pain he experiences upon smelling Bella, which is torturous yet welcome because he associates it with her. He has trouble explaining this experience to Bella in the meadow, especially since the other members of his family interpret the feeling in slightly different ways. To Edward, “the thirst was burning fire,” whereas to Jasper, more like “acid rather than flame. Rosalie thought of it as profound dryness” (360). It is in line with Edward’s melodramatic character that he interprets the pain of thirst as that of fire or burning, especially since it also approximates the inner pain that he feels in his life generally as a vampire and now with the torture of Bella’s blood. Jasper, who is a particularly martial character, interprets thirst as acid, which differs from fire but is similarly violent. Rosalie, on the other hand, who clings so deeply to the desire to be human, interprets thirst in a way more like an experience she would have been familiar with from her time as a human. However, all interpretations of thirst relate to an extreme feeling of heat and discomfort.
The relationship between thirst and fire corresponds in humans as well, in that the feeling of a human being bitten (to satisfy a vampire’s thirst) is a similarly fiery torture. After James bites Bella, infecting her with his venom, the pain of his venom overwhelms her far more than that of his other tortures. She screams, “My hand is burning…The fire!...Someone stop the fire!” (576). Once the vampire satisfies their own burning thirst, therefore, a similar pain moves into the victim.
Edward often uses the predator-prey relationship as a symbol for the relationships between vampires and humans, as well as the relationship between himself and Bella. When he first encounters Bella and her scent overwhelms him, he thinks, “I was a predator. She was my prey. There was nothing else in the whole world but that truth” (10). Even though Edward hates his vampire nature, in this moment his instincts take over, making him like an animal on the hunt. In fact, when the Cullens go hunting, they are predators. In Chapter 15, Alice takes Edward hunting to prepare him for his day with Bella. On the hunt he thinks, “I’d caught the scent now. It was easy to shift into another mode—just let the blood pull me forward as I stalked my prey. It was relaxing to stop thinking for a few minutes. Just to be another predator—the apex predator” (313). Usually Edward resists his vampiric instincts, but when the only risk is to animals, he can embrace his role as a hunter. This contrasts sharply with Edward’s reaction to Bella’s scent, which, like the animal here, provokes Edward. With Bella, he never wants to be any kind of predator. Edward does, however, poke fun at their roles in the meadow. He jokes, “and so the lion fell in love with the lamb” (367). It is a mark of Edward’s comfort and ease at this point that he can make such a joke, playing on his and Bella’s symbolic and literal roles as predator and prey.
By Stephenie Meyer