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49 pages 1 hour read

Jacqueline Woodson

Locomotion

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 2003

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Background

Authorial Context: Jacqueline Woodson

Born in Columbus, Ohio, but raised in Greenville, South Carolina, and Brooklyn, New York, Woodson weaves her experiences into her realistic fiction. Her work spans various audiences, including picture books like Coming on Home (which received a Caldecott Honor), several middle grade and young adult texts, and the adult novels Another Brooklyn and Red at the Bone. The author of more than 30 books, Woodson is best known for her memoir in verse, Brown Girl Dreaming, which charts her life in the segregated south and in Brooklyn and won the National Book Award. In addition to spending time on the New York Times Bestseller lists, her books have won numerous awards, including the Newbery Honor and the Hans Christian Andersen Medal. In 2016, Woodson was granted an honorary degree from Adelphi University. Additionally, she served as the Poetry Foundation’s Young People’s Poet Laureate from 2015 to 2017 and the National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature from 2018 to 2019.

Named a MacArthur Fellow in 2020, Woodson currently resides in Brooklyn, where many of her stories, including Locomotion, take place. In Brown Girl Dreaming, Woodson notes a conflict between her parents about living in the South versus up North. In an interview with NPR, Woodson stated, “I completely see both sides of that dispute. I think there is such a richness to the South and a lushness and a way of life. I could never live it full time […] You know, I feel like I'm a New Yorker to the bone […] There’s a lot of the South in the way I speak, but it could never be home” (“Jacqueline Woodson on Growing Up, Coming Out and Saying Hi to Strangers.” NPR, 14 Oct. 2016). This love for the South appears briefly in Locomotion when Lonnie remembers family trips to Georgia and bonds with Clyde over life there. However, like Woodson, Lonnie views New York City as a home he could never leave.

Genre Context: The Novel in Verse

Novels in verse convey a narrative through poetry instead of prose. Woodson’s middle grade novel in verse Locomotion tells Lonnie’s story through short poems instead of chapters. The title of each poem gives insight into Lonnie’s emotional journey after his parents’ death and his separation from his younger sister, Lili. In addition, the book presents Lonnie’s experience with poetry. Encouraged by his teacher, Ms. Marcus, to write his thoughts down on paper, Lonnie experiments with various poetic structures: free verse, haiku, sonnet, epistle poem, prose poetry, and more. The format of each poem lends additional insight into Lonnie’s character, often showcasing his emotions and ability to articulate his thoughts and feelings. For example, when he writes a sonnet, Lonnie notes that this type of verse should be about love. Although he claims to fail at this task, his words capture his adoration for his family. The variety of structure underscores Woodson’s goal: “Lonnie’s story reminds us that poetry is not just about sonnets and odes or Dr. Seuss rhyming. It does not have to be intimidating [but] can [instead] be a powerful, meaningful way to express one’s thoughts” (Henneman, Heidi. “Jacqueline Woodson: Poetry in Motion.” BookPage, Feb. 2003). Lonnie himself reaches this conclusion at the end of the text when he realizes that his experiences are “spinning themselves into poetry” without any effort (100). His journey to find comfort and solace in verse exemplifies the idea that writing is transformative and can help a person make sense of his identity and his place in the world. Woodson belongs to a group of notable writers—Elizabeth Acevedo, Jason Reynolds, and others—who have used this genre to engage young audiences.

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