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59 pages 1 hour read

Laura Ingalls Wilder

Little House in the Big Woods

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1932

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Chapters 7-9 Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 7 Summary: “The Sugar Snow”

Although warmer weather is on its way, the Ingalls family soon experiences what Pa calls a “sugar snow.” Laura tastes the snow, but doesn’t think it tastes any different than usual. Before Pa can explain, he must go to Grandpa’s house for the day. That night, he returns with a big bucket of maple syrup and some maple sugar cakes.

After supper, he explains how Grandpa made buckets and troughs over the winter, then, once the sap started to flow again in the trees, he bore holes in them to collect it. Pa also explains how the sap is cooked and processed to create maple syrup. He says Grandpa is glad for a sugar snow: “You see, this little cold spell and the snow will hold back the leafing of the trees, and that makes for a longer run of sap” (Page 127). He says Grandpa has invited the family to his place next Monday; he plans to “sugar off” (Page 128) again and there will be a dance. Ma says she will wear her delaine, a beautiful dress she owns that was made by a dressmaker on the East Coast. The girls are very excited. 

Chapter 8 Summary: “Dance at Grandpa’s”

On Monday, the family takes a sled to Grandpas house, and along the way Pa shows Laura animal tracks and tells her the snow won’t last much longer. Soon they meet Grandma at the door of the house and Pa goes to help the men in the maple woods while Ma, Grandma, and Laura’s aunts work in the kitchen and Laura and Mary play. For supper Grandma cooks hasty pudding, making the house smell good.

The men—Pa, Grandpa, and Uncle George—come home in time for supper, carrying yokes from which hang big buckets of maple syrup; they eat that with the hasty pudding. Laura is fascinated by Uncle George because her parents called him a wild man. When he goes out and blows his army bugle to hear the echo, asking her to listen to the pretty sound, she says nothing and runs into the house.

Laura watches Aunt Ruby and Aunt Docia prepare for the dance. This involves doing their hair, washing with store soap, putting on white stockings and white shoes, and tying their corsets. Laura feels proud when Docia remarks upon how small her Ma’s waist was when she married her Pa. The women then put on their petticoats and dresses. Docia wears a cameo while Ruby has a wax rose. Ma wears her green delaine, and Laura thinks she looks so fine she is afraid to touch her.

People start to come for the dance, among them babies and another little girl with Laura’s name. They argue over which baby is cutest until Ma comes and puts an end to it. Uncle George blows his bugle and Pa fiddles and calls out the figures for the square dance: “Laura watched Ma’s skirt swaying and her little waist bending and her dark head bowing, and she thought Ma was the loveliest dancer in the world” (Page 145). Grandma tends to the maple syrup.

When Uncle George sees Laura dancing, he takes her by the hand and does a dance with her; she decides she likes him. The others have dragged Grandma away from the maple syrup, and she soon gets into a jigging competition with Uncle George. He can’t keep up and declares himself beaten.

Grandma suddenly stops and runs into the kitchen, then declares the syrup “waxing” (150), so everyone grabs plates and snow and then the maple syrup poured on top turns it into soft candy. They also have bread, pies, cakes, pork and pickles, and then they dance again. Eventually the stirred maple syrup begins “graining” (Page 152) so the women grab pans to fill with syrup, which will become maple sugar. The children all get patty-pans. The dancing goes on long after Laura goes to sleep. In the morning, they go home, and Pa says the sugar snow will end before night.

Chapter 9 Summary: “Going to Town”

Spring is here at last and as the season progresses, the girls go barefoot all day. They play outside in their playhouses with their dolls, and on a swing Pa makes for Laura’s tree. One day Pa tells them he saw a deer with her fawn; he would never shoot them and in fact will not hunt until the baby animals have grown up.

Once the crops are in, the family goes to town, an event of much excitement for Mary and Laura—so much so, in fact, that they cannot sleep the night before, after they take an extra bath. They do their hair and wear their nicest dresses along with sunbonnets. The horses and carriage are also especially clean as they drive the seven miles to the town of Pepin, on the shore of the big lake of the same name. Laura’s reaction is one of wonder: “When she saw it, she could hardly breathe. She knew how Yankee Doodle felt, when he could not see the town because there were so many houses” (Page 165).

The store is made of wooden gray boards instead of logs. The storekeeper knows Pa, and calls Mary a pretty girl—ignoring Laura, whose curls are “ugly and brown” (Page 168). The store is full of shoes, fabrics, and food: “She had not known there were so many things in the world” (Page 170). Laura’s parents trade for a long time, getting items such as fabric for clothing, galluses (suspenders), tobacco, tea, and sugar. The girls get candy hearts at the end, which surprises Laura so much she can’t even say thank you until her Ma urges her. Mary’s has a nicer, longer message on her candy than Laura’s.

The Ingalls family has a picnic on the lake. Then Pa goes to talk to some men, while Laura and Mary play on the shore and Ma puts Carrie to sleep. Laura has put many pretty pebbles into her pocket, but as they get in the cart to go home the pocket tears. She cries, but her mother says she can fix it and admonishes Laura to not be so greedy next time. Mary, by contrast, is a good little girl with nice manners, a candy heart with a poem on it, and golden curls: “Laura did not think it was fair” (Page 175). They had a wonderful day, but are tired. Pa sings, “Be it ever so humble, there’s no place like home” (Page 176).

Chapters 7-9 Analysis

The motif of “first times” occurs often in these three chapters, which include Laura’s first maple sugaring experience, her first dance, and her first time going into town. Each of these incidents continues to build upon the themes in the story; maple sugaring, as explained by Pa, is one aspect of hard work that allows the family to live off the frontier. The dance allows Laura to learn more about her social duties and gives her a chance to be with her extended family. Even at home, when she must share her swing with her older sister Mary, she is learning and taking in new information. The trip to town has wonders of its own, though it engenders some negative feelings in young Laura—first, jealousy of her sister, which she does not necessarily have occasion to worry about at home where she and her sister are both treated as equal members of the family no matter what their appearance, and secondly, the sin of greed, when she takes too many pebbles into her pocket and tears it.

The dance provides a look at a slightly different part of life on the frontier. Though the women are homesteaders, they still pay attention to the fashions of the day, and the descriptions of them getting ready for the dance are as lovingly told as the work they did to prepare for the winter: “Laura sat on their bed and watched them comb out their long hair and part it carefully. They parted it from their foreheads to the napes of their necks and then they patted it across from ear to ear” (Page 138). Corsets, which were widely worn in this time, are also referenced. Young as she is, Laura is also learning about the conventions of beauty in her time, as she hears her aunts talk about the fact that her mother’s waist was so small when her parents were married: “Caroline was Laura’s Ma, and when she heard this, Laura felt proud” (Page 140). Thus, not only does Little House in the Big Woods serve as a nostalgic reminder of “American” values, it also offers a clear picture of what “American womanhood” look like.

A sense of security and homeliness continues to permeate the text, even though Laura is visiting others and experiencing new things. Of her grandparents’ home, the text says, “It smelled good. The whole house smelled good, with the sweet and spicy smells from the kitchen, the smell of the hickory logs burning with bright, clear flames in the fireplace, and the smell of a clove-apple beside Grandma’s mending basket on the table” (Page 135). Even as she enters town and sees a big sky, the narrative notes, “There was so much empty space all around her that she felt small and frightened, and glad that Pa and Ma were there” (Page 164). Though the family must kill animals to survive, Pa clearly has a respect and awe for the wildlife that assures children that he will not kill for sport, especially when there is beauty and goodness to be seen out in the woods.

Even within this section, which contains more action, there are stories and songs from Pa. The maple sugaring is told in his voice as a story to the girls, and he performs with his fiddle at the dance. At the end of the trip to town, too, he has an appropriate song to impart. The presence of Pa’s entertainment is so prevalent in the text that the rest of the narrative often seems like a simple framework to showcase Pa’s tales. There is some speculation among scholars that when Wilder was creating the “juvenile” version of her non-fiction story called Pioneer Girl that would provide the meat of the content for the Little House series, she intended his words and lessons to be the guiding principle behind its structure. The real Charles Ingalls had passed before she began work on the project. It should also be noted that the other books in this series do not adhere to this framework, although music and Pa’s fiddling continues to be included in them. 

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