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92 pages 3 hours read

Scott O'Dell

Island of the Blue Dolphins

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1960

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Chapters 15-20Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 15 Summary

Wild dogs have roamed the island for as long as Karana can remember, but the pack grew larger and fiercer after the battle with the Aleuts killed many dogs’ owners and the animals turned feral. Karana knows the pack’s yellow-eyed leader was once owned by the Aleuts because his size and coloration differ from the other dogs. She sets a fire in the mouth of the pack’s cave to smoke them out and shoots the leader in the chest with an arrow when he emerges. She tries to track the wounded dog, but he eludes her.

Three days later, Karana picks up the leader’s trail again and draws her bow to finish him off. For a reason unknown even to her, she decides to spare the dog’s life. She carries him to her house and tends to his wound, and he slowly regains his strength. Still, Karana does not trust the dog and sleeps on the rock atop the headland where he cannot reach her. On the fourth day, Karana returns early from fishing and experiences a “strange feeling” when she does not see the dog waiting for her (93). Calling for the dog, she runs to the house, where she finds him stirring from a nap and wagging his tail at her. After this moment, Karana feels safe sleeping in the house. She names the dog Rontu—“Fox Eyes”—because of “his yellow eyes that were very narrow and slanted up at the corners” (93).

Chapter 16 Summary

Karana wants to be prepared in case the Aleuts return, so she spends most of the summer repairing and refashioning the cracked canoe to make it smaller and easier to carry. Rontu naps in the shade and wanders the shore as Karana works. He also shows a mischievous side by occasionally stealing one of her fish. Now that she has a new friend to talk to, Karana realizes how lonely she truly was, and speaks to her dog “as though [she] were talking to one of [her] people” (97).

Karana tests out the canoe and discovers a system of caves under the cliff below her house. Within the caves, Karana and Rontu spy an enormous squid, which she calls a devilfish. She resolves to catch the squid because its flesh is a rare delicacy, “the best food in the seas” (100). Karana feels joy and pride as she thinks about the discovery of the devilfish; she stows the repaired canoe in a place that will protect it from the winter storms.

Chapter 17 Summary

Karana spends the stormy winter days making a new dress for herself and crafting a special spear to hunt the giant devilfish. When flocks of blackbirds fill the morning sky, Karana knows that spring has come and takes her new spear to Coral Cove. She makes the journey alone because Rontu acted strangely the previous night and did not return. His absence spoils the joy of the devilfish hunt, as Karana worries that he might never return or that he might come back as an enemy. No matter what happens, she knows she could never hurt him “now that he had been [her] friend” (103). Karana doesn’t manage to spear a devilfish, and stows the canoe in the cave she found with Rontu.

As Karana nears her house, she hears dogs fighting. She finds Rontu surrounded by the pack; two dogs challenge him to a fight while the rest watch. Karana decides to let the battle play out because a conflict between Rontu and the pack seems inevitable, and because he currently has an advantageous location for the fight. Rontu breaks one dog’s leg in his jaws and rips out the other challenger’s throat. After claiming victory, Rontu unleashes a howl unlike anything Karana’s ever heard before and goes home to wait for her “as if he had not been away or nothing had happened” (107). From then on, the dogs stay away from the headland, and Rontu never leaves Karana’s side again for as long as he lives.

Chapter 18 Summary

Spring blankets the island with flowers, some “the color of the sun when it rises” (108). Karana delights in these blossoms and the blue jays, crows, hummingbirds, and woodpeckers that flock to the island. Among the more familiar species are a pair of scarlet-headed yellow birds that Karana does not recognize. She leaves pieces of shellfish for the unfamiliar birds and keeps two hatchlings as friends. She names one of the birds Tainor, “after a young man [she] liked who had been killed by the Aleuts” and the other Lurai, a name she “wished [she] had been called instead of Karana” (110).

Karana crafts a skirt from yucca fibers as well as a belt and sandals from sealskin. She strolls along the cliff in her new garments with Rontu at her side and adorns both of them with flower wreaths. After the battle of Coral Cove, Karana and the other women cut their hair short to mourn the dead, but years have passed and her hair falls to her waist again. No ships appear that spring, but Karana enjoys a blissful season filled with the fragrance of flowers and the song of birds.

Chapter 19 Summary

Karana and Rontu look for the giant devilfish every day in the spring, but fail to catch it as summer arrives. She abandons the search and focuses on gathering shellfish for winter. After a successful day collecting abalone, she sees blue dolphins and otters frolicking. Rontu spots the giant devilfish, and Karana gets close enough to see that its eyes have “black rims and gold centers and in the centers a black spot” (115). She strikes the devilfish with her spear’s barbed point and holds onto the taut string attached to the barb.

After a long struggle, Karana drags the devilfish onto a sandbar. When Rontu tries to bite the devilfish, it wraps its long arms around his neck and pulls him toward the water. Karana stabs the devilfish with a whalebone knife, and it lashes out with its suckers, which feel like “a countless number of leeches” as they latch onto her skin (119). She kills the devilfish but cannot move its heavy body. Battered and bruised, Karana and Rontu stagger home. She sees two other giant devilfish that summer, but leaves them be.

Chapter 20 Summary

Karana gathers more abalone and recalls how children used to frighten seagulls away from the drying shellfish. Since there are no children left to do this chore, she scares the birds away with strings of shiny shells. The sight of her catches hanging along the fence makes it look “as if a whole village were living there on the headland” instead of one person and a dog (121). Karana and Rontu explore different places on and around the island each day. On a tall rock about a league from shore, she kills cormorants and gathers their feathers to make a skirt. The pair discovers a cave at the island’s south end and find a skeleton and humanoid figure crafted from reeds inside. The tide traps Karana and Rontu in the cave overnight. She names the place Black Cave and resolves never to return.

Years have passed since the Aleuts last came to the island, but Karana remains vigilant. One day, she spies a ship and wonders if it belongs to white men even though she “thought about them little and seldom looked for them” (125). From the headland, Karana sees that the ship has red sails, which confirms that it belongs to the Aleuts. She carries her things to the cave near the spring, jettisons the drying shellfish from the cliff because they are not yet edible, and makes her house look as though it was abandoned long ago. The ship drops anchor in Coral Cove, and the Aleuts come ashore. An Aleut girl cooks beside a fire while some of the men begin hunting otters. Karana hides inside the cave with Rontu and falls asleep.

Chapters 15-20 Analysis

Rontu’s transformation from an enemy to an ally develops the theme of Building Trust and Friendship, and greatly comforts Karana. While she still encounters obstacles and faces The Struggle for Survival and Self-Determination, she no longer has to face them alone. Rontu’s friendship changes Karana by showing her the benefits of opening up to others, whether they be animal or human (as per the theme of Learning from Nature).

Chapter 15 marks a milestone in the theme of Building Trust and Friendship. The chapter also reveals a connection between the wild dogs’ leader and the Aleuts: The hunters brought the pack’s leader to the island. This is significant because it creates parallels between Karana and her enemy at the time: Like Karana, the dog was left behind, grew distrustful and wary, and had to adapt to a new way of life on the island after losing someone important to him. Perhaps, Karana makes these connections subconsciously. Although she is not fully aware of her reasons for sparing the dog, she craves companionship after years of isolation. This is clearly demonstrated by her rushing to the house to look for the dog and feeling relief upon finding him. Karana earns the dog’s loyalty by feeding him and tending to his injuries, and she eventually trusts him enough to stop sleeping on the headland. The naming of Rontu completes the dog’s transformation from enemy to friend.

Karana’s desire for revenge has motivated her for years, but now she has something that speaks to her needs even more than vengeance—companionship. She is no longer lonely and even describes herself as “very happy” (100). Chapter 16 in particular explores her growing friendship with Rontu. Karana’s dog gives her someone to talk to, and he loyally accompanies her through many adventures, including the discovery of the cave system and the devilfish.

The themes of Building Trust and Friendship and The Struggle for Survival and Self-Determination collide in Chapter 17, when the pack corners Rontu. The scene is filled with suspense because Karana finally has a friend, and now he’s in a battle to the death with other dogs. By defeating the challengers, the loyal Rontu ensures that the dogs stay away from Karana and their home. Despite Rontu’s victory, Chapter 17 ends on a somewhat foreboding note due to the reference to his mortality in the last sentence.

Chapter 18 provides respite after the last action-packed chapter. Karana celebrates nature’s beauty and her own femininity by promenading in her new clothes and weaving flower wreaths for herself and Rontu. The theme of Learning from Nature returns, with Karana’s lessons focusing on joy, peace, and renewal. This chapter is filled with vivid imagery to support the theme: For example, the yucca plants are covered in blooms “the color of the sun when it rises” (108). Another sign of renewal in this chapter is Karana’s hair, which has grown long again after having been cut in mourning following the battle of Coral Cove. Karana creates a new life for herself after surviving hardship, just as the island renews itself after the harsh, stormy winter.

Chapter 18 also develops the theme of Building Trust and Friendship. Rontu stays by Karana’s side, and she gains two new friends in hatchlings of an unknown species. She names one of the birds after a deceased boy whom she liked and gives the other a name she prefers to her own. By giving the birds these names, Karana may be saying that life goes on despite its many losses. This connects to the theme of The Struggle for Survival and Self-Determination because Karana has not only endured but has grown stronger because of her struggles.

The themes of Building Trust and Friendship and The Struggle for Survival and Self-Determination intertwine once more in Chapter 19, which comprises the battle with the giant devilfish. Karana protects Rontu despite being injured in the process because they look out for each other. The blue dolphins, which symbolize good fortune, also appear in this chapter. Their appearance heralded Karana’s safe return to the island in Chapter 10. Because of this, their presence before the deadly struggle with the devilfish may seem incongruous, but Karana and Rontu are fortunate in that they both survive. The devilfish ties into the theme of Learning from Nature because it teaches Karana to choose her battles more carefully.

In Chapter 20, Karana refers to the events at the start of the novel as “the old days” (120). The passage of time appears to ease the pain of her losses and loneliness. She mentions Ramo’s task of protecting drying shellfish from animals, but does not explicitly mention her brother or seem saddened by this reflection; she proudly observes that the fruits of her labor make her home look as though “a whole village” is living there (121). This description shows that Karana’s skills as a hunter and fisher have improved significantly since Chapter 1. Karana rarely thinks about the white men sent by Chief Kimki anymore; she’s no longer waiting for someone to rescue her, as she knows she can thrive on the island on her own.

The amorphous drifting of time comes to an abrupt halt with the arrival of the Aleuts at the end of Chapter 20. Karana spent many days gathering shellfish to last her through the winter, but discards them rather than risk the Aleuts discovering that someone is living on the island. This survival instinct reinforces her practicality in trying situations. Karana and Rontu’s intrepid days of roaming the island are but a memory as they hide from the hunters in their cave. The section ends with foreshadowing: The girl tending the Aleuts’ cooking fire will become an unlikely ally to Karana, like Rontu.

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