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52 pages 1 hour read

Lisa Jewell

Invisible Girl: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2010

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Character Analysis

Saffyre Maddox

Saffyre Maddox, the novel’s protagonist, is a 17-year-old senior in high school who attends sessions with Roan to process her trauma and treat her self-harm. Saffyre self-harms around her ankles and legs to make her cutting less conspicuous. Saffyre is popular in school and does well in her classes, hiding her self-harm from her friends and teachers. Saffyre becomes skilled at hiding her trauma, self-harm, and depression from the people around her as a means of self-preservation. The only person in Saffyre’s life who feels concerns for her health is her Uncle Aaron. However, Saffyre has a difficult time accepting love and care from him because she feels consumed by the grief of losing the rest of her family and deeply afraid she will lose him as well. Saffyre continues to isolate herself from Aaron until she confronts her childhood trauma—only then can Saffyre accept the unconditional love and support that Uncle Aaron shows her.

Saffyre’s primary internal conflict stems from her sexual assault as a young child. To bury her trauma, Saffyre refers to herself as the “invisible girl” because she enjoys stalking people and getting a glimpse into their personal lives without them being aware of her presence. Feeling invisible makes her feel safe, pointing to Lisa Jewell’s exploration of Invisibility as Both Self-Protective and Disempowering. Saffyre doesn’t see watching people as an intrusive act. Instead, she views it as a way to regain a feeling of control in her life—the sense of autonomy that Harrison stole from her during her assault. Saffyre stalks people not because she wants to harm anyone, but because she wishes that she could feel as safe as those she follows, whom she believes move through the world without fear. Once Saffyre starts noticing the patterns of abuse and manipulation in Roan’s life, she realizes that the lives of the people around her are more complicated than she believed, highlighting the novel’s thematic interest in The Disconnect Between Perception and Reality. Saffyre realizes that she never trusted Roan with the truth of her assault because she could sense that he was not a safe person. Saffyre’s friendship with Josh allows her to begin to trust people again because Josh proves to her that he only wants to help her find peace. Saffyre exacts her revenge on Harrison by protecting Alicia from him and by breaking the fingers that he used to assault her when she was 10 years old. This literal and symbolic act of revenge provides Saffyre with a measure of closure. It also propels the plot forward, forcing Saffyre to go into hiding and launching an investigation into her disappearance. Ultimately, Saffyre sense of closure from this revenge feels fleeting as she begins to realize that even knowing that Harrison will spend years in prison will not heal her—a realization that forces Saffyre to work on her own inner healing, recognizing she must focus on her internal pain if she wants to move on from her trauma.

Cate Fours

Cate Fours, the 50-year-old wife of Roan Fours, is a physiotherapist who works from home. Cate has two children with Roan, Josh and Georgia. Jewell characterizes Cate as a kind, loving woman who has trouble trusting her own instincts, even though they are usually correct. Roan constantly cheats on Cate throughout their relationship, and uses techniques of emotional abuse to make her believe she’s the one in the wrong when she tries to confront him. Cate’s character arc sees her learning to trust herself and her instincts, regaining her autonomy, ultimately rejecting Roan’s attempts to manipulate her into thinking that she is losing her mind.

At the start of Cate’s arc, Jewell depicts the character as heavily swayed by ingrained bias and fears of the unknown as she navigates the world around her. Cate feels uneasy in the family’s rented flat because it’s located in an unfamiliar neighborhood, making her suspicious of everything. The local rise in sexual assaults exacerbate her fears. After Harrison assaults Tilly, Cate springs into action, falsely accusing Owen because of his strange behavior and spreading gossip and misinformation in the neighborhood. Later, as Cate’s arc progresses, she feels guilty for suspecting Owen of wrongdoing simply because of his appearance and her own bias and becomes more introspective, investigating the suspicious activity in her own home and realizing with horror that Josh and Roan are the most likely suspects involved with Saffyre’s disappearance.

The internal growth that Cate experiences allows her to see her relationship with Roan through a new lens. Jewell uses Cate’s flashbacks of her relationship with Roan to highlight her growing realization of the ways in which Cate has been gaslit by her husband over the years. Cate realizes Roan knows how to manipulate her by taking advantage of her inner doubt. Cate finally begins to trust her instincts that Roan is behaving strangely, and it motivates her to uncover the truth. Cate’s inner growth stems from her ability to trust herself and what she wants for her life, even with Roan telling her that she is wrong. Once Cate realizes the power of her instincts, she leaves Roan and takes the children back to their renovated house, even though Roan begs her not to leave him. In the novel’s resolution, Jewell depicts Cate breaking the established pattern of her relationship with Roan: Rather than caving to Roan’s wishes, she decides she is worthy of happiness and is empowered to make her own decisions about her life.

Owen Pick

Jewell describes Owen Pick as a shy man in his thirties who lives with his aunt Tessie across the street from the Fours’ rental. Owen’s issues with anger, (particularly toward women) and his isolationist attitude make him the perfect target for incel culture. Owen’s suspension from his university job for sexual harassment allegations, exacerbates his feelings of resentment and entitlement, making him more susceptible to believing the conspiracy theories and ideology of incel culture. Although Owen eventually changes his behavior, he must first unravel the learned misogynistic patterns of his childhood in order to complete his character arc in the narrative.

Owen feels drawn to incel culture because it allows him to place the blame for his own disappointments onto other people, specifically women, rather than himself. Owen allows the outrage at what he believes to be false claims of sexual harassment to extend his anger toward all women. As Owen delves further into the incel forums, he finds a community who share and encourage these same impulses. His need for connection makes him desperate to be accepted even in an online forum fueled by hate and violence, highlighting the novel’s thematic interest in The Psychological Impact of Loneliness. While the online incel forums allow Owen to play out these fantasies without repercussions, meeting Bryn—who actively encourages rape and violence—in person forces Owen to confront the real-life consequences of this ideology. Although Owen feels angry toward women, he knows they don’t deserve to be raped or harmed because of that anger. Owen takes action and begins immediately disentangling himself from the world of incel culture, but his decision to accept the date-rape drugs Bryn gives him becomes a key piece of evidence in his arrest. Jewell makes a distinction between Owen’s blackouts and problematic behavior toward women when drinking alcohol and his sober behavior, emphasizing the effects of alcohol on his judgment. As Owen grows as a character, he learns to recognize and take responsibility for these triggers and move away from them in his life. In the novel’s resolution, Owen finds personal redemption in his relationship with Deanna, who accepts him for who he is, understanding that his growth is still in progress. As Owen unravels the years of learned misogyny from his father and other masculine figures in his life, he realizes that he has allowed fear to rule him and blamed women for his unhappiness, rather than accepting responsibility for his own actions.

Roan Fours

Roan Fours, a 50-year-old child psychiatrist, begins treating Saffyre for self-harm and depression when she is 12 years old. Although Roan appears in the narrative constantly, Jewell never evokes his narrative point of view in the novel, creating a sense of mystery around his interiority as a character. Although Saffyre initially trusts him, Jewell uses his infidelity in his marriage and increasingly secretive behavior to point to him as one of the novel’s antagonists. Through his actions, Jewell suggests Roan knows how to mask his true intentions around people, encouraging a false sense of safety. Although Roan appears to be a kind and compassionate person, he turns out to be manipulative, duplicitous and potentially violent, emphasizing the novel’s thematic interest in The Disconnect Between Perception and Reality.

Roan manipulates everyone around him, especially the women closest to him, Cate and Alicia. Even though Roan gaslights Cate when she accuses him of having an affair, his guilt when they move into their rental house signals the deeper truth. Jewell progressively reveals details of Roan’s behavior through the perspective of Saffyre, who secretly stalks him, learning about his constant stream of mistresses, specifically his affair with Alicia. Even though Jewell does not describe the conversations between Alicia and Roan, she establishes a pattern of behavior that causes Saffyre to distrust him. Although Roan promises Alicia that he loves her, he drops her as soon as his affair threatens his status and comfort at home. Eventually, Saffyre witnesses Roan’s face as he slaps Alicia, and she realizes that he is a dangerous person. Alicia’s confession that she caught Roan masturbating to a rape fantasy that his patient wrote—warning Saffyre that Roan “might be the predator”—further underscores the disconnect between his various public and private personas (352). Jewell’s choice to reveal Roan’s true character through the perspective of the women in his life reverses the lens of incel culture, which positions women as manipulative and sadistic toward men.

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