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44 pages 1 hour read

Samanta Schweblin, Transl. Megan McDowell

Fever Dream

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2014

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Themes

Maternal Anxiety in the Modern World

Fever Dream is essentially a novel about motherhood and the impossibility of protecting one’s child from every possible danger. Although they are opposites in many respects, Carla and Amanda find themselves in almost identical situations with identical outcomes. Both fail to protect their children in situations that seem innocuous, with no obvious danger. The novel addresses the difficulty of relying on maternal instincts in a modern world where threats are ever more abstract and nebulous.

Both Carla and Amanda express feelings of maternal anxiety, a worry that some harm will befall their child. Before David was born, for example, Carla was obsessed with the concern that her son would be missing fingers and toes. However, the most explicit and repeated image of maternal anxiety is Amanda’s idea of the “rescue distance,” an invisible thread that always connects her to her daughter. Depending on the safety or danger of a situation, the thread can be loose, allowing the two wander away from one another, or it might pull taut, bringing Amanda closer to Nina so that she can rescue her if necessary. Amanda inherited the idea of the rescue distance from her mother and grandmother, which underscores the universality of her maternal belief that “sooner or later something terrible will happen” (127).

Sometimes, Amanda understands why the thread of the rescue distance pulls tighter—if Nina is walking close to the edge of the pool, for example. Other times, the feeling is more instinctual, and there is no clear source of danger. However, Amanda and Nina’s tragic poisoning presents a modern threat Amanda’s maternal instincts don’t understand and can’t anticipate. When describing David’s accident, Carla tells Amanda, “It’s just that sometimes the eyes you have aren’t enough” (18). Sitting in the grass with Nina as they are poisoned by the toxic “dew,” Amanda is faced with an unknown and invisible danger that slips past her defenses. Despite her constant worry and preparation, she misses the threat when it arrives. 

While Amanda might be able to blame some of her failure on her foreignness, even the local women, who are more aware of the contamination around them, fail to protect their children. The most obvious example is Carla, whose son plays in contaminated water when she isn’t paying attention. However, there are many other children in town with ailments or deformities. Amanda asks David if they have also been poisoned and wonders, “How can a mother not realize?” (150). David tells her some of the children in town “were born already poisoned, from something their mothers breathed in the air, or ate or touched” (151). The widespread nature of the problem suggests that a mother’s ability to protect her child is in no way absolute, particularly in a world becoming ever more toxic and polluted. Despite this, the sense of responsibility still falls on the mothers when their children are harmed, and women like Carla and Amanda are left with crushing feelings of guilt and failure.

Environmental Contamination and Rural Exploitation

One of the most important themes in Fever Dream deals with environmental contamination from industrial agriculture and the accompanying exploitation of rural communities. Set in rural Argentina, one of the world’s top producers of genetically modified soy, the novel is a direct commentary on the effects of industrial soy production on the environment and the community. Most of the so-called horror elements in the novel—dead animals, sick or unsettling children, and the looming threat of hidden danger—can be tied back to the theme of environmental contamination as the novel explores how the influx of industrial agriculture has irrevocably changed the rural way of life.

From the start of the novel, there is a sense that all is not well in the town. Carla alludes to an abnormally high number of miscarriages in the community, and David tells Amanda, “Around here there aren’t many children who are born right” (157). There are dead birds, horses, ducks, and dogs. At the start of their vacation, Carla asks Amanda if she noticed the water smelled funny, telling her “it was better not to use the tap water that day” (145). All the while, soy fields provide a constant backdrop to the novel’s action, never explicitly described as a threat, but always there. Sometimes, the crop even has a menacing presence, as when “the soy leans toward” Amanda as she starts to feel the effects of the poison (118).

Despite the influx of soy in the rural economy, it is clear that the crop hasn’t brought wealth to the community as a whole. Carla describes walking “between the big estates and the shanties along the train tracks” (10), illustrating the inequality apparent in the countryside. The contrast between wealth and poverty is even apparent in the landscape itself: The soy fields are thriving, but the rest of the land is “dry and hard” (180). The crop’s success comes at a high cost: the health of the community and the land. The soy and accompanying environmental contamination is the danger hidden in plain sight that David is trying to show Amanda. Together, they examine all the details of her memories, but she overlooks the “important thing”: the invisible contamination around her. Amanda’s husband, who goes back to the town looking for answers to his daughter’s mysterious illness, also misses the “important thing.” As he drives away, he is confronted by the answer to his question about what happened to Nina, but he “doesn’t see the soy fields” (183), the cars, the traffic jam. These toxins are responsible for Nina’s illness, but they are so normalized that he fails to recognize their danger.

Connection and Isolation

Fever Dream explores the connection between mother and child and the isolation that ensues when this connection is broken. The theme is also echoed in the country-versus-city dichotomy that plays out as Amanda spends her summer in the solitude of the rural town. The town’s isolation contributes to its problems, including a lack of access to medical care, a lack of education regarding the toxins present in the town, and a lack of resources to fight the problem. Ultimately, all of the characters live in some kind of isolation, and their lack of connection, whether from one another or the natural world, puts everyone in danger. 

Throughout the novel, Amanda and Nina represent connection. Using the rescue distance as a recurring image of the connection between mother and daughter, Nina and Amanda are constantly in touch with one another. Through their bond, Amanda senses where her daughter is and when she is in danger. Nina likewise seems to have a similar intuitive connection with her mother, able to feel that Amanda needs her to be strong as she gets sicker and knowing without needing to be asked when Amanda needs her to be responsible for herself.

The connection between Nina and Amanda no longer exists between David and Carla. In fact, although their family lives together, Carla, David, and Omar live in total isolation from each other. Carla goes as far as to say that David is no longer her son, and Omar “never wants to sit at the table with David” (111). However, Carla is significantly more connected to her community and environment than Amanda, cognizant of certain risks that come with living surrounded by “sown fields.”

Despite her powerful connection to her daughter, Amanda lives in a different kind of isolation. Coming from the city, she has no connection to her environment and surroundings in the country. She has been isolated from the natural world and the dangers present in the rural town. Her only connection in life is to her daughter, which isn’t enough to save either of them. At the end of the novel, Amanda’s husband also illustrates this paradox between isolation and connection. He and Omar are united by their struggle as single fathers to children with the same strange illness. However, they barely speak to one another; they are “close and at the same time alone” (180). Leaving the town, Amanda’s husband, shut in his car, “doesn’t see […] the rope finally slack, like a lit fuse” as he drives through the soy fields and smoking traffic (183). Like his wife, he has lost his connection with the earth and can no longer sense when it is in danger. Ultimately, the novel suggests that it is necessary to maintain multiple connections, a network of threads connecting us to the people and places around us. The novel also suggests that when the earth is in danger, so are we, and until we recognize our interdependency, we will not be able to protect it, or ourselves.

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