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37 pages 1 hour read

Teju Cole

Every Day Is for the Thief

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2007

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Chapters 13-17Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary

The narrator considers how Lagos is full of stories, and he thinks of himself in comparison to Gabriel Garcia Marquez or Vikram Seth: a writer in the romantic city. He walks around the city observing incidents. He witnesses a street fight over a car accident and realizes that “[l]ife hangs out here” (65).

He begins to think he should move home to pursue his literary ambitions but worries about the rage that Nigeria would bring out in him. As an example, he details the frequent power outages and the need to rely on loud generators for electricity, which irritates him. He experiences many other stressors, and he realizes that the many stories going on around him are tempered by the lack of security and peace that the writer needs. What used to be a corrupt leadership has become a corrupt society in which the stressors of everyday life have turned people against each other. Still, the narrator feels the urge to return home and create the literature of his homeland. He turns up the jazz music he’s listening to, but it doesn’t drown out the sound of the generators: “[N]o sense emerges of the combat between art and messy reality” (69).

Chapter 14 Summary

The narrator goes to the National Museum in Okinan, a colonial center of Lagos. The museum is ill-kept and unimpressive, which contrasts with his recollection of the place as an important cultural touchstone for him.

At the museum, an employee accosts him for taking photos and then resumes signing Christian hymns loudly, which the narrator sees as an act of opposition to the museum’s mission. Looking through the collection, he’s disappointed by the meager offerings and realizes that most Western museums do a better job of presenting Nigerian culture.

He recounts the troubled history of Nigerian art and the colonial export of it, which continues in the way that corrupt leaders use the nation’s cultural and artistic heritage to enhance their own wealth. One story particularly exemplifies this: a man named General Gowon telephoned the museum to say that he was coming to select a piece as a gift for the Queen of England to enhance his own reputation. The curator tried to hide the best works, but the general selected a 17th century Benin piece and gave it as his gift, which the Queen assumed was a replica. Ironically, this piece was previously taken by the British in 1897 but was returned to its homeland to help set up the museum.

The narrator returns to the front desk of the museum and asks if the museum has more to see. He’s directed to a shed containing the car that General Murtula Mohammed was assassinated in alongside plaques that refer to the slave trade as “an obnoxious practice” (78). He’s deeply disheartened by the meager, sycophantic portrayal of Nigerian history that celebrates its cruelest rulers and brushes criticism aside.

Chapter 15 Summary

The narrator next visits the MUSON Centre, which champions music and theater. A wealthy organization, it has an amphitheater and a conservatory, and he notes that it’s better funded and organized than most Nigerian institutions, in part because the government isn’t involved. His spirits lift at the prospect of Nigerian students learning cello and classical music.

He interviews a staff member and then a student who’s standing nearby. The staff member reveals that students can have either a local or expatriate teacher, the difference being that the expatriate teachers cost more. The employee emphasizes that the students must own the instrument they intend to study (though owning a piano in Nigeria would be prohibitively expensive for most). The narrator can see why this might be necessary in a country without a codified credit system to allow instrument rentals, but that coupled with the lower pay for local teachers tempers his excitement for the MUSON. Still, he’s hopeful that it’s a step for Nigerian culture and art heading toward the global stage and becoming part of the universal experience.

Chapter 16 Summary

The narrator’s childhood friend, Rotimi, visits him. He’s now a practicing physician, and after they catch up, he tells of the trouble with being a doctor in Nigeria. The narrator is studying psychiatry, so he has a good idea of what medicine is like. He’s surprised to learn that Rotimi earns the equivalent of five hundred dollars a month, and he reflects on the reality of the import economy, which doesn’t provide wealth for its people despite prices being close to those in developed nations.

He asks Rotimi who is making money in Nigeria now if it’s not doctors. Rotimi says that telecommunications, fossil fuels, and banking have the highest earnings. This has led to an economy of inequality and conspicuous consumption. Rotimi wants to get to America or anywhere else, and as they talk about the traffic and Rotimi’s car lacking air conditioning, the power cuts out.

Chapter 17 Summary

Rotimi and the narrator discover that the generator’s out of fuel, so they go together to get diesel. They must go to several stations to find one that has diesel fuel even though most in the city rely on generators. When they get to a station, the narrator says how much fuel he wants and pays for it, thinking he got the advertised price. Rotimi laughs at him and tells him to do the math—he has been scammed out of 600 naira. Rotimi says that’s just the way it is and laughs, while the narrator is annoyed at the brazenness of it.

During their drive home, the narrator brings up Sola, Rotimi’s brother, who died in 1993. The three had been fast friends throughout childhood, and they hadn’t spoken of it. When Sola was 15, a friend brought a car to school, and Sola accidentally fell off the back of it, slamming his head on the road. This tragic story led to Rotimi’s parents becoming distraught and incredibly protective of him.

As Rotimi drops him off, the narrator promises to do what he can to get him into an American medical licensing program. Rotimi drives off, and the narrator thinks about what his life might have been like if he’d stayed in Lagos.

Chapters 13-17 Analysis

The narrator has literary ambitions that he ties to other globally significant writers; Both Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Vikram Seth lived and wrote in what he sees as vibrant places (like Lagos), and it’s clear that he is considering whether he should be part of that lineage, noting that Seth abandoned his doctoral studies to move home. The narrator is wrestling with an underlying crisis that he doesn’t mention overtly in the text but is apparent in his consideration of moving home and in the way he fantasizes: When he’s with Rotimi, he asks himself, “What if I inhabited another body and had a different destiny” (94). Clearly, the narrator is at a point of crisis, which drives his seeking out alternatives to the life he has been living.

One way he does this is by looking for cultural spaces in Nigeria, a quest that largely doesn’t bear fruit in these chapters. His visit to the museum reveals a history of colonial and postcolonial plunder that has been inflicted on Nigerian culture. The anecdote he tells about General Gowon is a rich example of how Nigeria’s history perpetuates into the present: Colonial regimes extracted bodies and wealth from Nigeria during the slave trade and throughout the colonial era, with little regard for the damage it did to the country’s indigenous people. Then, when the colonial regime ended, the ruling class perpetuated the same violence. The narrator makes it clear that the present corruption is an outgrowth of the past corruption and that the government perpetuating it ignores the grief of slavery and is uncritical of its leadership.

The MUSON Centre is a slightly better experience for the narrator but is still tempered by the vestiges of colonialism: Nigerian musicians are devalued as teachers in favor of expatriates, who are seen as having more legitimacy. The demand that students have access to their own instruments, despite its practical rationale, means that musical education is available only to the wealthy. The primary reason for its cultural breadth and impressiveness is that the corrupt and ineffective government has nothing to do with it. All of these are reasons that give the narrator pause, yet he can’t help but feel that it’s a start.

His visit with Rotimi, though, puts The MUSON Centre into sharp relief: By all accounts, Rotimi has a successful career as a doctor but can barely call himself middle class, and he has little access to the kinds of experiences that the narrator thinks are a valuable part of life. As the narrator wrestles with his place in Lagos, two things weigh on him: The first is a sense of mission regarding the Nigerian people and his hope for them to grow through art and culture, and the second is the sad reality that he knows he couldn’t thrive there. Everyday life is too stifling, and pathways to comfort and security don’t exist; even a wealthy family like the narrator’s has to worry about power outages and frequent home invasions. Rotimi represents the best that the narrator could hope for if he’d stayed in Lagos, which he recognizes as untenable.

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By Teju Cole