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63 pages 2 hours read

Lisa Unger

Confessions on the 7:45

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Themes

Cycles of Generational Trauma

One clear overall message in Confessions on the 7:45 is that abusive behavior such as domestic violence, neglect, or infidelity is often replicated and repeated from one generation to the next. In both Pearl’s and Selena’s narratives, patterns of behavior continue to emerge and damage relationships. The text also suggests ways to break these trauma cycles and heal relationships, though doing so requires a conscious effort.

The women in Selena’s family have been suffering the abuse of their fathers and husbands for years. Selena’s father habitually cheated on her mother; they did not get divorced until Selena was an adult. Her parents’ relationship did not set a healthy example for her as she became an adult; she rejected the care and stability that Will offered her for a more exciting relationship with Graham. Living with Graham involves excusing his infidelity and abuse, and as the book’s mystery unfolds, Selena realizes that she chose a partner who behaves just like her father. During the book’s climax, the cycle is on the verge of completion when Graham tries to strangle Selena to death; however, Pearl knocks him out before he can kill Selena, interrupting both the crime and the cycle. Notably, Unger avoids a standard domestic thriller trope when Selena does not kill Graham in retaliation or self-defense. In having Graham arrested, Selena chooses not to perpetuate violence, interrupting the cycle of violence. At the end of the novel, she worries about whether the same dark streak is in her sons, but she monitors their behavior and keeps positive male influences in their lives to counteract that tendency. In this way, Selena is trying to break her family’s cycle of trauma and violence.

Pearl’s family history contains similar patterns. For one thing, she and Selena share the same lying, cheating father, a plot twist that underlines the nature of generational trauma. Along with being abandoned by the same man, her childhood was less stable because she never met her father and saw many men come and go. By the time Charlie entered her life, she did not have a lot of good examples to compare him to, and she embraced him as a father figure. When they talk about their fathers, Charlie says that his father was an abusive con man. Though Charlie does not appear to abuse Pearl, he is a con man and has possibly killed women, indicating that he inherited some of his father’s unsavory traits. He also passes these traits on to Pearl by teaching her to manipulate others, and Pearl replicates this behavior in her interpersonal relationships. Like Selena, Pearl makes a choice to break this cycle by the end of the novel, pursuing a normal life and burning down Charlie’s old house, a symbolic severing from the past.

These examples show how abuse and trauma are passed down from one generation to another, and the novel gives other examples of cycle breakers. It took Cora a while to recognize that she needed to leave her husband, but after she did, she was able to make a new life with a loving husband. Now she is focused on helping abused women, both at a shelter and within her family. Her experience enables Selena and her sister, Marisol, to leave their own husbands. The novel ends with a sense of hope that both Selena and Pearl are free to start new lives that are not constrained by abusive and manipulative men.

Men as Monsters

The narrative of Confessions on the 7:45 is persistently and explicitly distrustful of men. During their encounter on the titular train, Martha says to Selena, “Men. They’re so flawed, so broken aren’t they? They’ve screwed up the whole world” (37). At first, Selena wants to defend men, especially her sons, but then she thinks to herself: “In some sense—war, climate change, genocide, cults, pedophilia, rape, murder, most crime in general—men were responsible for a good portion of the world’s ills. They’d been running amok for millennia” (37). This exchange sets the tone for the general attitude toward men throughout the book, evoking not only interpersonal violence but also world issues. In this way, the book situates monstrous men as a symptom of violent patriarchy. In a society that enables misogynistic violence, most of the male characters are dangerous. However, this danger can be countered through solidarity between women and less toxic concepts of masculinity, embodied by the book’s positive male characters like Will, Paulo, Detective Crowe, and Hunter Ross.

These men are gentle, caring, and supportive, but others are depicted as manipulative and dangerous monsters. The word “monster” is deployed many times to describe Graham, Selena’s father, and Charlie’s father. Using this word gives the villains a hulking, dark, inhuman quality that darkens the mood and makes scenes with them more chilling. Pearl tells Selena that after watching him for a while, she has discovered that Graham is “a monster.” When Pearl asks Charlie about his father, he says that he was “[a] monster [...] Yes, really. He was a drunk, an abuser. A con man” (132). These descriptions are accompanied by unsettling depictions of violence in which these men target vulnerable women: their spouses, their subordinates at work, and sex workers. The book consistently aligns interpersonal violence with class and power disparities, emphasizing that a patriarchal society creates opportunities for men to brutalize and dehumanize women.

The resulting effect of this language is the idea that men have a capacity for darkness and violence. Even Charlie Finch, who treats Pearl and Gracie well, is not to be trusted. As a con artist, he makes a living manipulating lonely women and possibly murders them. Will, who is always there for Selena, may not even be wholly good; in the middle of the novel, Beth warns Selena to not rush into Will’s arms just because Graham is horrible. She reminds her that Will is “possessive. Controlling [...] He wanted to be [her] daddy” (250). Beth, who was also divorced from an unfaithful husband and refused to remarry, does not trust men at all, representing one strategy for protecting oneself from misogynistic violence. However, the text indicates that painting all men with a dark brush is not a real solution. Selena worries that Oliver and Stephen will follow in their father’s footsteps; Stephen, especially, is characterized as similar to Graham, less sensitive and observant than Oliver. However, the end of the novel is optimistic, implying that the positive male influences in the boys’ life can make them turn out different from their father.

Another solution presented by the text is decentering men in favor of solidarity between women. Pearl and Geneva give up Charlie’s lifestyle, burning down their old house and pursuing new, normal lives. They head into the future together, ready to support each other. Pearl consistently checks in on Selena when new details about the case emerge; she will not let her endure the situation alone. Cora is there to help Selena raise the boys, and Selena is living an independent life; Will is a friend, but she is slow to embrace him as a romantic partner. She is writing her life story so she can process it and control the narrative. It seems as though she needs to exorcise the male monsters from her past before she can think about a future that includes men.

The Malleability of Identity

Another reoccurring idea throughout Confessions on the 7:45 is how malleable a person’s identity can be. A person is never just one thing, wholly bad or wholly good. Charlie and Pearl, as con artists, obviously have to change their names and identities fairly frequently, but the other characters like Selena and Graham also become completely different people at different points in the novel.

When Pearl takes on a new persona, she begins to fully live as that person and call herself whatever name is attached to that identity, be it Anne, Elizabeth, or Emily. When she has been conning for a while, she realizes that it’s hard to remember who Pearl was. Unger describes the experience of this multiplicity: “There had been so many names, so many selves, all of them lies, all of them true” (166). When Pearl becomes a new person, she isn’t completely lying about who she is but exploring other facets of herself.

Unger often describes the multiple identities that people take on as layers. When Pearl tells Pop that she thinks it’s time to figure out who she really is and what she wants, he warns her, “Start peeling back those layers, you might not like who you find” (271). Pop has been conning much longer and knows the psychological toll that life can take on a person. Another time the “layer” concept emerges is when Geneva leaves the Murphys’ house: “As she went, she shed layers of herself—the smiling nanny, the accommodating millennial, the laundry room lay—all things that were her and weren’t really” (46). This description of Geneva is very similar to the one of Pearl, where all of her selves are both true and not true.

Assuming multiple identities is part of the job for Pearl, Pop, and Geneva, but Selena and Graham exhibit aspects of duality as well. Selena reflects on what a sham her Instagram persona is, always posting the best pictures of her family with loving captions, even when her life is falling apart. Likewise, as Selena uncovers more and more about Graham, she realizes she doesn’t know him at all. He has a dark and violent side that he keeps hidden under a charming veneer, even able to conceal the colleague he murders. When Geneva disappears, Selena can no longer lie to herself about the monster that emerges when he is angry. Though taking on multiple identities is a job requirement for con artists, Unger repeatedly illuminates how regular people do the same thing all the time: It is frighteningly easy to present different selves to different people and hide away what one doesn’t want them to see.

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