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Max MarshallA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Content Warning: This section includes discussions of anti-Black racism, drug dependency, murder, and violent hazing rituals.
Max Marshall opens Among the Bros by discussing Mikey Schmidt, a young man from Atlanta, Georgia. He began college at the College of Charleston (C of C) in 2013. He was a small teen, earning him the nickname “Little Mikey.” He chose to attend C of C because of its seven-to-two ratio of girls to boys, and he planned on joining a fraternity.
Marshall learns about Mikey in 2016 when he sees a press conference by the Charleston Police department. Mikey, along with several other college students, had been arrested in connection with a drug bust, where police seized “five pounds of marijuana, a pound and a half of cocaine, seven firearms, a Tac-D grenade launcher, $214,000 in cash, and forty-three thousand pills worth $150,000” (11). The drug bust was linked to the murder of college student Patrick Moffly. It revealed a campus drug ring that “sold everything from MDMA to LSD to Xanax” (11).
Marshall is struck by the appearance of all the boys arrested in the drug bust. They are preppy fraternity “bros” like him with swoopy haircuts. He was in a fraternity during his time at college and knows that Xanax use on college campuses is at an all-time high. Many of his classmates developed misuse disorders, and some dropped out to try to get clean. Some have since died.
Marshall begins interviewing C of C alumni about Mikey and the Xanax ring at their school. He is not sure how seriously to take the gossip about the drug ring’s connection to Patrick’s murder. He finds it hard to believe that a couple of college students and their friends could have spearheaded an operation involving millions of dollars’ worth of drugs. He talks to the defense lawyers hired to represent Mikey. One, Tim Kulp, suggests that the ring involved multiple fraternities across several states. He tells Marshall that police never disclosed the discovery of an additional “6,947.62 grams of counterfeit Xanax” (17) in a storage locker belonging to one of the young men arrested. Marshall estimates the value of these pills to be $21,000,000. No one was ever charged for them.
Mikey starts college at C of C. He plans on joining a prestigious fraternity and is originally attracted to Sigma Alpha Epsilon (SAE). SAE has a reputation for being the best, throwing the best parties and recruiting members from “old southeastern families” (19) with lots of money. Rich members means more money to throw parties and better access to prestigious connections in the future job market.
SAE is famous for their annual Mountain Weekend, where students rent cabins in the woods and throw raucous parties, destroy public property, and consume a lot of drugs and alcohol. Marshall interviews C of C alumni about Mountain Weekend, including sorority members who attended as the boys’ dates. He learns that in 2012, partiers burned the entire contents of their cabins, and boys threw knives at a headboard just above sleeping girls. When the state park tried to find the culprits, they were unsuccessful, and only one person was charged with minor property damage.
Mikey is attracted to SAE because of its elite status, and the events of the 2012 Mountain Weekend demonstrate that the fraternity can get away with a lot. However, before he signs up for SAE, Mikey meets Rob, a fraternity member of the Kappa Alpha Order (KA). Mikey can tell that Rob is high and asks if he smokes weed. Rob invites him to smoke at his place across the street, and their friendship begins.
Robert Liljeberg III, or Rob, lives at 7 Montagu Street in a rich neighborhood lined with million-dollar homes. He grew up in a wealthy family in North Carolina and was a devout Catholic and soccer star in high school. He attended Elmhurst College for a year before transferring to C of C, where he joined KA to fit in.
KA is not considered one of the best fraternities at C of C, but it is known for being laid back and extremely proud of its Southern heritage. Only about a dozen of its 130 chapters across America are located outside the South. Coming from an old Southern family, Rob fit right in, and now lives in the off-campus fraternity house on Montagu street with three other KA members. Rob introduces Mikey to the unofficial side of recruitment for fraternities, or “rush.” Rush involves attending frat parties, knowing how to dress, being able to get drunk while remaining socially adept, and impressing older fraternity members without coming across as desperate.
Rob guides Mikey through KA rush. They bond over dealing weed and playing video games, and Rob is impressed that Mikey makes and sells fake IDs. Mikey refuses to tell him how he makes them because he is not yet a KA pledge. In later interviews, Mikey claims that SAE offered him a bid to join; Marshall cannot confirm this. KA definitely offered Mikey a bid, and he accepted.
When Mikey joins KA, he is given a copy of The Varlet, a small book containing the fraternity bylaws. The bylaws specifically prohibit hazing and describe KA members as a fraternal order of modern knights. Chivalry and honor are important values, and members have “the responsibility to protect the poor and defend women’s purity” (43). The KA Order sees Robert E. Lee as its spiritual founder; his “ideals [are] woven into KA’s soul” (44).
The reality that new members face is quite different from the gentlemanly order described in The Varlet. Hazing rituals vary from year to year, but Marshall interviews multiple KA alumni who describe being forced to binge drink, perform household chores for older members, chauffeur brothers from party to party, and run errands that often required missing college classes. Mikey pours all his energy into his pledgeship. He and his fellow pledge brothers go through several rounds of forced intoxication, eat cat food and other substances that make them throw up, and endure physical pain and sleep deprivation.
To wrap up new member pledgeship, KA members at C of C do “Hell Week,” which involves locking pledges in the basement for an entire week. Mikey and other pledges endure more forced labor and physical humiliation. One night, they are blindfolded and driven out to the ocean. The drivers abandon them, forcing them to walk home all night. Marshall asks the national KA organization to comment on the hazing that took place at C of C, but is told that hazing is officially banned and “the national office ‘has neither records, documents, nor institutional memory’ of any of the incidents” (54).
Members of other fraternities across the country talk to Marshall about their experiences getting hazed. Many of them speak fondly of hazing despite the humiliation, degradation, and pain they have endured. Marshall’s own high school friends admit that they would go through it again just to experience the intense feeling of bonding with other pledge brothers. Mikey completes his pledgeship and is initiated into KA as a full member.
The opening chapters of Among the Bros barely discuss the drug trafficking and murder cases that attracted Marshall to the story in the first place. Instead, they focus on setting up the circumstances that led to these crimes.
Marshall exposes the Privilege and Institutionalized Racism that underpin KA, SAE, and many other American fraternities. These organizations are open about looking for pledges who come from “good” families, which is a euphemism for “rich.” Fraternities benefit directly from having wealthy members, since they need a large pool of funds to throw endless parties and pay for living expenses. Many of these fraternities are very old; they have been upholding the same class structures in some cases for well over 100 years.
While fraternities like SAE are upfront about their class requirements, there are also less overt racial requirements. A “good” family from the right part of the country does not just mean a wealthy family; it also means a white family. Marshall will explore this unspoken expectation more in later chapters. For now, he mentions that the KA bylaw booklet instructs members to protect women’s “purity,” which carries racist undertones. On paper, the instruction sounds like it is telling KA members to be respectful of women and, by implication, to abstain from premarital sex. In reality, this instruction carries racist connotations: KA members are being told to protect women from Black men. The fraternity considers Confederate general Robert E. Lee to be its spiritual founder; the racism of KA culture is thus disguised by indirect language and plausible deniability.
Among the Bros also explores how the links between Fraternity Culture and Misogyny have a big impact on the entire culture of the C of C campus. Mikey chooses his college based largely on student gender ratios and fraternities. Regardless of any instructions about women’s “purity,” frats like SAE and KA often view access to sorority girls as part of the college experience. They invite sorority members to their parties and retreats like Mountain Weekends. The interviews Marshall conducts with some of the girls who attended the 2012 Mountain Weekend illustrate just how dangerous that weekend was, with boys throwing knives near sleeping girls.
Marshall also examines how hazing rituals perpetuate a culture of violence. The entire fraternity culture is based on extremity and danger for everyone involved. The rush, bid, pledge, and hazing culture at frats has long been understood to be unpleasant, but it is only in recent years that people have come to recognize the extent of the danger involved in some hazing rituals. There have been at least 56 recorded deaths of fraternity pledges during hazing in the United States since 2000, not including a number of sorority pledge deaths.
Marshall explores why fraternity alumni speak fondly of their pledge experiences, given the intense danger and suffering involved for many of them. In addition to the camaraderie they experience, Marshall believes hazing can be enjoyable for wealthy young men who have never experienced much hardship because it is “a pleasure to get dominated” (52). Despite widespread media attention, hazing rituals continue at many fraternities. It is one of several factors that heightens The Impacts of Benzodiazepine Misuse: Since hazing typically includes underage drinking and drug use, it can create the conditions for the development of substance misuse disorders.
While hazing activities and drug use involve breaking the law, Marshall suggests that wealthy students often assume they will not face any consequences for their actions. Using and trafficking prescription drugs like benzodiazepines for recreational use thus becomes a potentially lucrative endeavor. Benzodiazepines are addictive, and withdrawal can be both difficult and very dangerous. The issue is personal for Max Marshall, who notes that he personally knows several people who have lived with benzodiazepine misuse disorder. Just like hazing rituals, recreational benzodiazepine use is sometimes framed as a rite of passage or a fun but ultimately harmless part of the college experience. In fact, as Marshall will illustrate in detail in later chapters, it can be extremely dangerous.
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