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37 pages 1 hour read

Aaron Sorkin

A Few Good Men

Fiction | Play | Adult | Published in 1989

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Act I, Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Act I, Part 2 Summary

Kaffee meets Jack Ross, the prosecutor in the trial. Ross offers Kaffee a deal in which the men would plead guilty to manslaughter and in exchange would receive a reduced sentence. Kaffee tries to haggle for an even shorter sentence, claiming that Santiago’s death was accidental. Ross mentions that Kendrick specifically told the Marines “not to touch Santiago” (32). Kaffee delays making any deal until he returns from his meeting with Jessup. Galloway, having failed to have Kaffee removed from the case, announces that she’ll accompany Kaffee to Cuba.

Later, Kaffee visits Weinburg’s house. Kaffee reveals that he’s hesitant to accept Ross’s offer. While Weinburg encourages Kaffee to take the deal, Kaffee admits that he’s beginning to have doubts about the case.

In a flashback to before Santiago’s murder, Kendrick holds a meeting. Downey is absent because his jeep broke down while he was on patrol. Santiago is also absent, as Kendrick has excused him from the meeting. Kendrick criticizes Santiago for embarrassing the Marines. He makes the men repeat their codified list of priorities: “Unit, Corps, God, Country” (36). Kendrick instructs the men not to touch Santiago. After dismissing most of the Marines, however, he turns to Dawson.

Kaffee, Galloway, and Weinburg arrive at Guantanamo Bay. They ride past the fence that surrounds the American military base. Their escort describes the danger that the fence poses, though Kaffee is more concerned about taking a boat trip. They arrive in Jessup’s office, where Markinson and Kendrick join them. Jessup is impressed when he learns that Kaffee’s now-deceased father was a famous lawyer. In a brief flashback, Downey and Dawson pin down Santiago. The meeting in Jessup’s office continues. Kaffee asks about the illegal fence shooting that Santiago mentioned in his transfer request. Jessup suggests that Santiago was about to receive his transfer: He was scheduled to depart the day after his death.

Kaffee finishes his questions, but Galloway refuses to leave. She quizzes Kendrick as to whether he thinks “Santiago was murdered” (42). Kendrick thinks that Santiago is dead because he had no code and no honor. Galloway asks Jessup about Code Reds. Jessup suggests that Code Reds are a necessary part of maintaining discipline, though he notes that they have been forbidden. When Galloway asks whether Santiago’s death was a botched Code Red, Jessup defends himself. He welcomes Galloway to investigate him if she must but insists that he isn’t afraid. As they prepare to leave, Kaffee asks for a copy of Santiago’s transfer order. Jessup agrees on the provision that Kaffee asks him “nicely”. Kaffee politely requests the paperwork and then exits with the other lawyers. Once they leave, Jessup complains about lawyers and suggests that Downey and Dawson were acting in the interests of the Marines.

Kaffee talks to Downey and Dawson again. They insist that Santiago’s death was part of a Code Red; as Santiago’s squad leader, Dawson thinks that disciplining Santiago was his job. Kaffee aggressively quizzes Downey, who repeats Dawson’s comments until Dawson interrupts and admits that Kendrick gave him the order to carry out a Code Red on Santiago. Outside, Galloway tells Kaffee that Markinson has taken a leave of unauthorized absence. No one can find him.

Kaffee meets with Ross, who claims that Kendrick denies issuing a Code Red order to Dawson. Amid a heated discussion about legal ethics, Kaffee calls for calm. While Ross acknowledges that Dawson and Downey may have been following orders, he says that no one will believe them. Jessup is too well respected to suffer any consequences. However, he’s willing to offer the defendants a vastly reduced sentence to save any embarrassment for the Marines. Galloway wants to go to court to fully exonerate the defendants, but Ross knows that if they go to court, he’ll have to seek the harshest possible punishment. Ross and Kaffee both know that Ross is likely to win in court, so his offer has a time limit.

Kaffee takes Ross’s offer to Downey and Dawson. He tells the men that Ross’s offer is their best option, but the men are unwilling to accept a dishonorable discharge. As Dawson explains, they do not want to “sign a piece of paper that says we have no honor” (52). Instead, they’re willing to accept whatever punishment the court hands them.

Kaffee, Galloway, and Weinburg discuss the trial. Frustrated that Ross’s offer was rejected, Kaffee wants to be removed from the case. Galloway taunts Kaffee, suggesting that he’s struggling to live up to his father’s reputation. She tells him that he’s a confident, charming man who “knows how to win” (53) even if he knows nothing about the law.

Later that night, Kaffee visits Dawson’s cell. He offers Dawson a drink from his hipflask, but Dawson declines. When Kaffee encourages Dawson to accept Ross’s offer, Dawson quizzes Kaffee. He demands to know whether Kaffee thinks that he and Downey are guilty. Kaffee dodges the question, so Dawson calls him a coward. Kaffee punches him in the stomach and leaves. Dawson refuses to salute Kaffee.

At a hearing in the courtroom, Kaffee says that the defendants will enter a not guilty plea. The trial is set for a week from the hearing. Kaffee instructs the defendants not to talk to anyone. He then explains to Weinburg why he’s continuing with the case: He thinks that the men were just following orders. Galloway is now happy that Kaffee is going to take the case. 

Act I, Part 2 Analysis

Throughout A Few Good Men, the scenes often overlap and blend into one another. As the light fades in and out on various parts of the stage, the location, time, and characters change. These overlapping scenes are not necessarily in chronological order, meaning that they fill in relevant details as the narrative moves forward in time. For example, Kaffee and his team of lawyers travel to Cuba to meet Jessup. Before their meeting, by a flashback reveals Kendrick telling the Marines not to harm Santiago but then turning to Dawson. The scene doesn’t explicitly show Kendrick issuing the Code Red to Dawson, but the implication is clear. By placing this scene before the meeting with Jessup, the play illustrates the lack of truth in Jessup’s explanation of Santiago’s death. The flashback implies that Kendrick may have ordered a Code Red even though he told most of the men that they shouldn’t touch Santiago. When Kendrick and Jessup explain Santiago’s death in the meeting, the audience is aware of the flashback and begins to think that the Marine officers are lying. The play uses this non-chronological structure to create dramatic irony, thereby giving insight into the scenes and illustrating potential dishonesty of some characters.

Kaffee’s enthusiasm for the case ebbs and flows as the trial becomes a real prospect. Before his assignment to the case, Kaffee was proud that he had avoided going to court by striking plea deals in his previous 44 cases. His enthusiasm and motivation are complex. When Kaffee receives a suspiciously generous offer from Ross, the defendants reject it. Kaffee is frustrated by Dawson’s unrelenting dedication to a code of honor that Kaffee doesn’t understand. His frustration with Dawson turns into a frustration with the case, and he comes close to quitting. In addition, Kaffee is nervous about his performance in the trial. He’s never argued a case in court, and the memory of his successful father looms large in his mind. He worries that he won’t measure up to his father’s reputation, which partly explains why he’s often eager to settle a deal before the trial: to avoid having to test himself or his potential.

These factors diminish Kaffee’s enthusiasm for the trial, but he’s buoyed by a genuine intellectual interest in the case. Kaffee may not have a complete idea of what happened, but he senses that something in the case isn’t right. He’s suspicious of Jessup yet can’t cogently explain this suspicion. Kaffee’s growing sense of morality also helps bind him to the case. The people surrounding him have a powerful sense of morality: Galloway is a fierce advocate for justice, while Weinburg is willing to work on the case to the best of his abilities even if he thinks that the defendants are terrible bullies. Their dedication to justice quietly inspires Kaffee, awakening a sense of responsibility in him which was absent before. Kaffee gradually develops into a responsible, moral, and dedicated figure during the play, and this development neatly corresponds to his dedication to the case. 

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