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57 pages 1 hour read

Jessica Knoll

Bright Young Women

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Chapters 30-38Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 30 Summary: “Ruth, Issaquah, Spring 1974”

Ruth settles into life at Tina’s home and tells Tina about her past. When Ruth was a young girl, she began a sexual relationship with her close friend Rebecca. Ruth’s father caught them together one day and was furious. Her parents sent her away to undergo psychiatric treatment. Because of this context, her parents and psychiatrist subsequently encouraged the relationship between Ruth and CJ (her ex-husband), even though he was a married man and Ruth was an underage girl. Ruth went along with the marriage even though she never liked CJ.

Chapter 31 Summary: “Pamela, Tallahassee, 1978, Day 35”

After The Defendant’s arrest, his crimes become a major news story. Pamela’s parents urge her to come home to New York, so she flies home, accompanied by Brian. Even though The Defendant has been arrested and charged with multiple murders and attempted murders, Carl’s editor still refuses to run Carl’s story. In New York, Pamela’s mother reveals a secret: When Pamela was four years old, the family vacationed in Florida. Pamela’s mother left her unattended for a few minutes after Pamela cut her foot, and when she came back, Pamela had vanished. Pamela was missing for four days, and was found miles away: “There’s no way you could have gotten to where you were on foot. Someone took you” (260). Pamela was unhurt when she was found and didn’t seem to remember what happened to her. However, her mother found it uncanny that Pamela was inexplicably drawn to study in Florida years later.

Pamela and Brian have lunch with her father, a successful and well-known lawyer. They discuss the legal aspects of The Defendant’s case; unusually, he plans to represent himself. Pamela mentions possibly pursuing legal action against the Colorado Department of Corrections because “[t]his all should have ended in Colorado. Two adults and a child are dead because of their negligence” (268). Additionally, Pamela is growing increasingly annoyed with Brian for being unsupportive and uncomfortable about her spending time with Tina. After lunch, Pamela tells Brian that she wants to attend law school at Columbia and ends their relationship. She’s tired of pandering to him and undermining her ambitions.

Chapter 32 Summary: “Ruth, Issaquah, Summer 1974”

Ruth runs into Rebecca and spontaneously invites her to the dinner party she’s hosting with Tina. Rebecca has married Ruth’s brother and has two young children. At the party, Ruth feels relaxed and happy in her new life; she shares her plans to attend culinary school. However, Rebecca becomes annoyed and rebukes Ruth for openly pursuing a relationship with another woman: “This behavior with Tina? Psychologically, it will damage you” (278). Rebecca leaves the party abruptly.

Chapter 33 Summary: “Pamela, New York City, 1979, Day 445”

More than a year has passed since the attacks at the sorority house; Pamela graduated, moved to New York, and has almost finished her first year at Columbia. Retrospectively, Pamela provides details about how her life subsequently unfolds: In one of her classes, she meets David and is attracted to him; he drops out of law school after the first year to work in theater, and they don’t keep in touch. In 1987, Pamela returns to Florida to attend the funeral of Catherine McCall, the woman who took in the sorority girls right after the attack. She runs into David, who is Catherine’s grand-nephew. Pamela and David eventually marry and have a daughter together, Allison.

Returning to the main storyline, in April 1979, Pamela learns that she’ll be deposed by The Defendant himself. She’ll meet with him in a Florida jail in a few weeks. Pamela phones Tina in Seattle to tell her, and Tina promises to come to Florida to be with her. Tina also wants to confront Carl; he never published the article about the negligence in Colorado and kept making excuses. He has also begun covering the leadup to the trial and reporting in a positive tone about The Defendant. Pamela and Tina see this as a betrayal.

In Florida, Pamela and Tina meet and show up unexpectedly at Carl’s home. They confront him, and Carl admits that he decided not to run the initial article, that he finds it more profitable and beneficial to write coverage centering on The Defendant, and that he’s even sometimes sympathetic toward him. Carl tries to rationalize that he needs the money to care for his ailing father and that he might potentially publish a book. Tina and Pamela leave, feeling furious and betrayed.

Retrospectively, Pamela explains that Carl later published a bestselling true crime novel and made a significant profit from the novel and its adaptations. They never speak to Carl again, although Tina hopes for years that Carl will reveal some information that sheds light on Ruth’s disappearance. Although her body was never found and her disappearance was never officially connected to The Defendant, Tina remains convinced that he killed her.

In 2021, Pamela receives a letter from Dr. Linda Donnelly, an alum from the sorority who helped Pamela in the aftermath of the attack. Dr. Donnelly explains that she has begun treating Carl, who has dementia. Carl has referred to having recordings he made while meeting with The Defendant. These recordings contain confessions and information that has never been public; Dr. Donnelly doesn’t know whether this information is true but wanted to let Pamela know. This letter prompts Pamela to return to Florida so that she can meet with Carl before his memory declines further.

Chapter 34 Summary: “Ruth, Issaquah, Summer 1974”

Ruth debates whether to attend a memorial service honoring her father, especially because she has become increasingly alienated from her family. Tina encourages her to stand up for herself, and Ruth eventually tells her mother that she won’t attend, though she feels sad and uncomfortable about this choice.

Chapter 35 Summary: “Pamela, Tallahassee, 1979, Day 467”

Pamela goes to the jail for her deposition. She quickly realizes that The Defendant is taking a grotesque pleasure in forcing her to relive gruesome details about the attacks. However, because of this fixation, he doesn’t ask her any questions that undermine her statements. When a member of The Defendant’s legal team, Veronica Ramira, begins questioning Pamela, the stakes become much higher. Pamela realizes that Carl has told Veronica what she confided to him: that Roger sexually assaulted Bernadette. Pamela is legally required to answer Veronica’s questions about this event and about Roger’s kidnapping Pamela, and Veronica insinuates that Roger is a dangerous man who is a viable suspect in the attack, thus potentially weakening the case against The Defendant.

Chapter 36 Summary: “Pamela, Tallahassee, 2021, Day 15, 826”

Pamela recovers after an attack. The text reveals that she was visiting Carl in the assisted care facility when he violently attacked her. Dr. Donnelly tends to Pamela, who calls her daughter, Allison. Allison has a close bond with Tina, who is her godmother. Tina now lives in the Pacific Northwest, teaches at a university, and is recognized as a leading expert on complex grief. Allison also knows that Tina has been trying for decades to get more information about what happened to Ruth, and she can see why her mother was determined to learn anything she could. Pamela plans to try again to meet with Carl but doesn’t yet want to share any news with Tina because she doesn’t want to get Tina’s hopes up.

Chapter 37 Summary: “Ruth, Issaquah, Summer 1974”

July 14, 1974, the day of the memorial service for Ruth’s father, is an extremely hot day. Ruth and Tina plan to go to a local beach on the shores of Lake Sammamish. That morning, Ruth second-guesses herself, deciding that she wants to attend the memorial after all. Tina disagrees, and they argue.

Chapter 38 Summary: “Pamela, Miami, 1979, Day 540”

In July 1979, The Defendant’s trial begins in Florida. Tina and Pamela go to the courthouse together. Pamela worries that the case isn’t particularly strong: “There was not so much as a hair of forensic evidence linking The Defendant to the scene at The House” (314). In addition, Pamela is confused that she’s not called to testify on the first day of the trial. When she returns to her hotel, Ruth’s mother, Shirley Wachowsky, is waiting to confront her.

Chapters 30-38 Analysis

As the 1974 timelines moves toward July, a grim tension builds, since the novel has revealed that Ruth will be abducted and killed. At the same time, Ruth seems to be developing greater self-awareness and self-confidence because of the positive influence of her relationship with Tina. Ruth’s outward appearance reflects her growing authenticity and confidence; on the night she hosts the dinner party at Tina’s home, the other guests fawn over her beauty, praising “my feather sleeves, the shade of blue on my skin, my skin […] I heard the word porcelain, and I could not believe this was at last my life” (274). Significantly, even as she enjoys deepening her relationship with Tina and contemplates a new future, Ruth doesn’t find it easy to cut ties with her family. Her conflict about whether to attend her father’s memorial service symbolizes her inability to fully sever ties with her past and the difficulty with becoming more assertive. The text adds complexity to Ruth’s character by showing that she doesn’t magically become a different person even while she’s clearly developing and growing.

In the 1978 storyline, Pamela experiences two significant moments of character development: She learns the truth about having been abducted as a young child, and she ends her relationship with Brian so that she can study at Columbia and pursue the career she truly wants. Learning that she was abducted as a child brings Pamela a sense of peace and helps her understand the impact that closure can have. She reflects, “The truth is something people will go to great lengths to keep for themselves. It shouldn’t feel like a gift when you get it, but it is” (261). This knowledge strengthens her resolve to put The Defendant behind bars and to do everything she can to find out what happened to Ruth. Pamela’s history contributes to the theme of Resilience and Empowerment in the Face of Adversity because she has grown up strong, intelligent, and resourceful even though something terrible happened to her when she was a child. However, this revelation also shows the importance of transparency and closure. Pamela’s mother thought she was protecting her daughter, but Pamela could find closure only once she knew the truth.

It’s no coincidence that shortly after learning about her past, Pamela finally stands up for herself and tells Brian that she wants to attend law school at Columbia. In the aftermath of the attack and because of her friendship with Tina, Pamela no longer prioritizes a man’s ambitions above her own. She can see that Brian is unremarkable and has never been truly supportive of her; she now feels “rampant loathing for him” (270). While Tina and Ruth both endured unhappy marriages that they entered while very young, Pamela breaks the cycle by ending her relationship. While the deaths of Denise, Roberta, Ruth, and the others were undeniably tragic, they reminded Pamela to live every day to the fullest and not collude with systems that prevent her from reaching her potential and thinking for herself. Because Pamela recounts these events from a vantage point decades later, the text also reveals that she eventually meets a man who is a far better match. Throughout, the novel portrays women as better off and more able to form authentic relationships when they opt to embrace their own power and ambitions.

While much of the novel focuses on the action occurring in the 1978-79 and 1974 timelines, the 2021 plotline moves faster as the novel comes toward its conclusion. The early parts of this plotline are deliberately ambiguous, implying misleadingly that Pamela will visit a criminal held in some sort of prison facility. Eventually, readers learn that Carl is the man who harbors a grudge against Pamela and who violently attacks her. Carl’s descent into being angry and unhinged and his earlier betrayal of Pamela and Tina, along with the revelation that he has even become sympathetic to The Defendant, contribute to the novel’s pattern of depicting many male characters as spineless. Dr. Donnelly facilitates the chance for Pamela to learn more about Ruth’s fate, enhancing The Power of Female Bonds and Solidarity as a theme. When Dr. Donnelly writes to Pamela to suggest that she try to talk to Carl, she signs the letter “your sister on purpose” (291). This language alludes not only to the idea of a sorority, in which members symbolically become part of a sisterhood, but also to a broader notion of sisterhood that can exist when women support and nurture each other.

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By Jessica Knoll